商务统计-商务统计.pdf

Chapter 10 One Sample Tests of Hypothesis GOALS 1.Define a hypothesis and hypothesis test ing. 2.Describe the five-step hypothesis-test ing procedure. 3.Dist inguish between a one-tailed and a two-tailed test of hypothesis. 4.Conduct a test of hypothesis about a populat ion mean. GOALS 5.Conduct a test of hypothesis about a populat ion proport ion. 6.Define Type I and Type II errors. What is a Hypothesis? A Hypothesis is a statement about the value of a populat ion parameter deve loped for the purpose of test ing. Examples of hypotheses made about a populat ion parameter are: - The mean monthly income for systems analysts is $3,625. - Twenty percent of all customers at Bov ine’s Chop House return for another meal w ithin a month. What is Hypothesis Test ing? Hypothesis test ing is a procedure, based on sample ev idence and probability theory, used to determ ine whether the hypothesis is a reasonable statement and should not be rejected, or is unreasonable and should be rejected. Hypothesis Test ing Steps Important Things to Remember about H and H 0 1 • H : null hypothesis and H : alternate hypothesis 0 1 • H and H are mutually exc lusive and co llect ive ly 0 1 exhaust ive • H is always presumed to be true 0 • H has the burden of proof 1 • A random sample (n) is used to “reject H ” 0 Important Things to Remember about H and H 0 1 • If we conc lude do not reject H , this does not 0 necessarily mean that the null hypothesis is true, it only suggests that there is not suffic ient ev idence to reject H ; reject i