上课课件 《模具专业英语》(第三版).ppt

With the increased automation of manufacturing processes with CNC machining， considerable improvements in consistency and quality have been achieved with no strain on the operator. CNC automation reduced the frequency of errors and provided CNC operators with time to perform additional tasks. 随着数控加工自动化程度的提高， 加工一致性和质量有了很大的改善，操作者无需压力。数控加工自动化降低了错误频率，为 数控操作者提供了从事额外任务的时间。 Modern CNC mills differ little in concept from the original model built at MIT in 1952. Mills typically consist of a table that moves in the X and Y axes， and a tool spindle that moves in the Z（depth）. The position of the tool is driven by motors through a series of step -down gears in order to provide highly accurate movements， or in modern designs， direct -drive stepper motors. Closed -loop control is not mandatory today， as open -loop control works as long as the forces are kept small enough. 现代计算机数控工厂与麻省理工学院在1952年创立的原始模型没有太大区别。工厂一般包含一个在X轴和Y轴运动的平台和在Z轴运动的工具主轴。工具的位置由马达通过一系列减速齿轮驱动，以提供更精确的运动。而在现代设计中，则直接驱动步进电动机。只要力量控制在足够小的范围内，开环控制就可进行，而不一定要用闭环控制。 As the controller hardware evolved， the mills themselves also evolved. One change has been made to enclose the entire mechanism in a large box as a safety measure， often with additional safety interlocks to ensure the operator is far enough from the working piece for safe operation. Most new CNC systems built today are completely electronically controlled. 随着控制器硬件的发展，机床本身也在发展。其中一个变化是将整台机器置于一个大箱子中作为一种安全措施，通常会加安全连锁，以保障操作者远离工件来进行安全操作。现在大部分新的计算机数控系统是完全电控的。 New Words： automation n .自动化 servomechanism n .［自］自动控制装置 prototype n .原型，范例，雏形 servo system ［自］伺服系统 closed -loop control ［自］闭环控制 interlock v .连锁，紧密连接 friction stir welding 搅拌摩擦焊 ultrasonic welding 超声波焊接 Lesson 16 Electric Discharge Machining Electric discharge machining（EDM）， sometimes colloquially also referred to as spark