大学物理-量子物理 (1).pdf

Transcript 05-1-Intro to QM A few introductory words of explanation about this transcript. This transcript includes the words sent to the narrator for inclusion in the latest version of the associated video. Occasionally, the narrator changes a few words on the fly in order to improve the flow. It is written in a manner that suggests to the narrator where emphasis and pauses might go, so it is not intended to be grammatically correct. The Scene numbers are left in this transcript although they are not necessarily observable by watching the video. There will also be occasional passages in blue that are NOT in the video but that might be useful corollary information. There may be occasional figures that suggest what might be on the screen at that time. 101 AvatarIntro CHAUCER: Do you two know how scientists identify the substances in distant stars? Do you know how we measure the composition of the sun for example? KEVIN: Sure, one major tool is spectral analysis isn’t it? CHAUCER: Yes indeed. DIANA: I am familiar with the results of spectral analysis, but I am a bit unsure of how the spectra arise to begin with. Chaucer, is that part of our material for today? CHAUCER: Yes it is Diana, in fact it is the starting point. Let’s use Professor Peabody’s WABAC Machine, since we don’t have one of our own, and look at a little science history. Jeeves? 102 Spectra JEEVES: Traveling to the 1750’s we find that scientists were putting different substances in flames and passing the resultant light through a prism. They found that the hot gases given off by the burning materials emitted different colors of light or spectra.. Ordinary table salt, for example, generated a bright yellow spectra. Furthermore, not all the colors of the rainbow appeared - there were dark gaps in the spectrum, in fact for some materials there were just a few patches of light. By the 182