2015年11月三级笔译实务真题.docx

2015.11 Secti on 1 : En glish-Chi nese Tran slati on (50 poi nts) The Republic of Ireland is a sovereign state in Western Europe, occupying about five-sixths of the island of Ireland. The capital and largest city is Dublin, whose metropolitan area is home to around a third of the country ' s 4.6 million inhabitants. The state shares its only land border with Northern Ireland. It is a un itary, parliame ntary republic with an elected preside nt serv ing as head of state. The head of gover nment is nomin ated by the lower house of parliame nt. Follow ing the Irish War of In depe ndence and the subseque nt An glo-Irish Treaty, Ireland gained independence from the United Kingdom in 1922. Initially a dominion, Ireland received official British recognition of full legislative independence in the Statute of Westminster of 1931. A new constitution was adopted in 1937, by which the name of the state became “ Ireland. ” In 1949, Ireland was declared a republic un der the Republic of Irela nd act 1948. Ireland ranks among the wealthiest countries in the world in terms of GDP per capita. In 1973, Irela nd en acted a series of liberal econo mic policies that resulted in rapid econo mic growth, coupled with a dramatic rise in in equality. The country achieved con siderable prosperity from 1995 to 2007. This was halted by an unprecedented financial crisis that began in 2008, in conjunction with the con curre nt global econo mic crash. In 2011 and 2013 Irela nd was ran ked as the seve nth-most developed country in the world by the United Nations Human Development Index. It also performs well in several metrics of n ati onal performa nee, in clud ing freedom of the press, econo mic freedom and civil liberties. It pursues a policy of neutrality through non- alig nment. The populati on of Irela nd stood at 4,588,252 in 2011, an in crease of 8.2 perce nt since 2006. As of 2011, Ireland had the highest birth rate in the European Union (16 births per 1,000 of population). In 2012, 35.1 p