从一道高考英语阅读理解题探究对批判性思维的考查.docx

从一道高考英语阅读理解题探究对批判性思维的考查 《普通高中英语课程标准 (2017年版)》(以下简称《2017年课标》) 将思维品质列为核心素养，并多处提到“批判性”或“批判性思维”。2019年高考英语全国卷Ⅱ加强了对思维品质的考查。在高考英语阅读理解中，对学生思维品质的考查无处不在，突出反映了《2017年课标》思维品质的核心素养理念，为英语学科核心素养的落地起到了良好的导向作用。但到目前为止，国内学者对高考英语阅读理解的研究主要集中在试题的信度、效度、难度和体裁分析等方面，对阅读理解的思维考查进行研究的较为少见。因此，笔者对2019年高考英语全国卷Ⅱ阅读理解第35题的批判性思维考查进行探究，管中窥豹，希望能为一线教师提供在阅读教学中如何培养学生批判性思维能力的建议，以期更好地落实《2017年课标》提出的英语学科核心素养理念。 一、批判性思维的界定 批判性思维是建立在良好判断基础上，使用恰当的评估标准对事物的真实价值进行判断和思考。批判性思维意味着理性的怀疑精神，它不盲从权威，而应服从理性、逻辑和真理。高考英语阅读理解对批判性思维的考查主要从批判性思维的分析、评估、创新三个维度进行考查。下面以2019年高考英语全国卷Ⅱ阅读理解D篇第35题为例，分析其对批判性思维的考查。 二、高考英语阅读理解批判性思维考查实例分析 2019年高考英语全国卷II阅读理解D篇原文及35题如下： Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms (微生物) from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week. How is NASA overcoming this very tiny big problem? It’s turning to a bunch of high school kids. But not just any kids. It is depending on NASA HUNCH high school classrooms, like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport, New York. HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. For the past two years, Gordons students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think theyre close to a solution (解决方案). “We dont give the students any breaks. They have to do it just like NASA engineers,” says Florence Gold, a project manager. “There are no tests,” Gordon says. “There is no graded homework. There almost are no grades, other than ‘Are you working towards your goal?’ Basically, its ‘Ive got to produce this product and then, at the end of the year, present it to NASA.’ Engineers come and really do an in?person review, and ... it’s not a very nice thing at times. Its a hard business review of your product.” Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact (影响) on college admissions and practical life skills. “These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back. I dont te