英文计算机基础知识.pptxVIP

1 Chapter 1 Introduction toComputers 2 Chapter 1 Objectives Recognize the importance of computer literacy Define the term computer and identify its components Explain why a computer is a powerful tool Recognize the purpose of a network Discuss the uses of the Internet and the World Wide Web Distinguish between installing and running a program Identify the types of software Describe the categories of computers Determine how the elements of an information system interact Identify the types of computer users Discuss various computer applications in society 3 A World of Computers What is computer literacy? p. 5 Fig. 1-1 Knowledge and understanding of computers and their uses Computers are everywhere 4 How is a computer defined? What Is a Computer? p. 6 Electronic device operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory 5 What Is a Computer? What is the information processing cycle? p. 6 Fig. 1-2 Input Process Output Storage Communication 6 The Components of a Computer What is an input device? p. 7 Fig. 1-3 Hardware used to enter data and instructions 7 The Components of a Computer What is an output device? p. 8 Fig. 1-3 Hardware that conveys information to a user 8 The Components of a Computer What is the system unit? p. 8 Fig. 1-3 Box-like case containing electronic components used to process data 9 The Components of a Computer What are two main components on the motherboard? p. 8 Central Processing Unit (CPU) Also called a processor Carries out instructions that tell computer what to do Memory Temporary holding place for data and instructions 10 The Components of a Computer What is storage? p. 8 Storage media Physical material on which data, instructions, and information are stored Storage device Records and retrieves items to and from a storage medium Holds data, instructions, and information for future use 11 The Components of a Computer What is storage media? p. 8 Digitalcameras Handheldcomputers Portable, thin memory card