国际课程课件系列之物理boardworks Moments Part 1 - Moments.pptVIP

* of 8 ? Boardworks Ltd 2015 * of 8 ? Boardworks Ltd 2015 * of 26 ? Boardworks Ltd 2015 * of 26 ? Boardworks Ltd 2015 * of 26 ? Boardworks Ltd 2015 * of 8 ? Boardworks Ltd 2015 * of 8 ? Boardworks Ltd 2015 Forces can make things accelerate. They can also make things rotate. What’s wrong with these pictures? We know instinctively that we need to apply a force at a large distance from the pivot for it to be effective. too short! too short! wrong place! Introduction to turning forces F d A moment is the turning effect of a force. It can also be called a torque. Torque is given the symbol t (the Greek letter tau). Its units are newton metres (Nm). d – the perpendicular distance (in m) between the pivot and the line of action of the force. F – the force applied in newtons (N). t = F × d pivot Moments and torque Moments for non-perpendicular distance Couples and torques A couple is a pair of forces acting on a body that are of equal magnitude and opposite direction, acting parallel to one another, but not along the same line. The torque of a couple is the rotation force or moment produced. Forces acting in this way produce a turning force or moment. F F The forces on this beam are a couple, producing a moment or torque, which will cause the beam to rotate. d The torque of a couple torque of a couple = force × perpendicular distance between lines of action of the forces A point P is chosen arbitrarily. Take moments about P. total moment = Fx + F(d – x) = Fx + Fd – Fx = Fd There is a formula specifically for finding the torque of a couple. Moments: testing * ? Boardworks Ltd 2015 Boardworks A-Level Physics Year 1 and AS Moments and Centre of Gravity * ? Boardworks Ltd 2015 Boardworks A-Level Physics Year 1 and AS Moments and Centre of Gravity Teacher notes Although some doors do have handles in the middle as shown, less force is needed to open doors with handles at the opposite side to the hinges as usual. * ? Boardworks Ltd 2015 Boardworks A-Level Physics Year 1 and AS M