2021_2022学年新教材高中英语unit4historyandtraditions突破语法大冲关学案含解析新人教版必修第二册.docVIP

PAGE 4 - UNIT 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS 过去分词作定语和宾语补足语 过去分词(past participle)是分词的一种。规则动词的过去分词一般是由动词加-ed构成，不规则动词的过去分词见不规则动词表(见教材P114－P115)。 [观察例句] 1．Before the show，hundreds of excited visitors waited in their seats eagerly. 2．Come and read the poem written by an eight-year-old boy! 3．I felt myself often confused at first. 4．She had her painting boxed so it was delivered safely. [归纳用法] 一、过去分词作定语 1．意义 及物动词的过去分词作定语往往表示被动和完成；不及物动词的过去分词作定语不表示被动，只表示完成。 (1)表示被动和完成 a polluted river一条被污染的河流 the watered flowers浇过水的花 (2)只表示完成，不表示被动 fallen leaves落叶 the risen sun升起的太阳 2．位置 单个的过去分词作定语时，通常放在所修饰词的前面；过去分词短语作定语时，通常放在后面，其作用相当于一个定语从句。 A watched pot never boils. [谚语]心急锅不开。 The student dressed in white is my daughter. ＝The student who is dressed in white is my daughter. 穿白色衣服的那个学生是我女儿。 3．现在分词与过去分词作定语的区别 现在分词作定语表主动或进行；而过去分词作定语时，表被动或完成。 形式 语态 时态 过去分词 被动 完成 现在分词 主动 进行 The car belonging to my uncle was stolen last week. 我叔叔的那辆车上周被盗了。 The bridge built in 2013 was designed by a local company. 2013年建造的这座大桥是由一家当地公司设计的。 4．难点突破 三种非谓语形式作定语所表示的内涵： done 被动的动作已经完成 being done 被动的动作正在发生 to be done 被动的动作将要发生 The meeting held yesterday is very important. 昨天开的那次会议很重要。 All the members of the team have attended the meeting being held. 所有的队员都出席了正在举行的这次会议。 It is said that there is a meeting to be held in the hall tomorrow. 据说明天这个大厅有一场会议要举行。 [即学即练1]　单句语法填空 ①Some of the people invited (invite) to the party cant come. ②The room is empty except for a bookshelf standing (stand) in one corner. ③The trees blown (blow) down in the storm have been moved off the road. 二、过去分词作宾语补足语 1．过去分词作宾语补足语与宾语的关系 过去分词作宾语补足语与宾语有着动宾关系，宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者。 He watched the TV set carried out of the room. 他看着那台电视机被搬出了这个房间。 Last year they had the house rebuilt. 去年他们让人重建了这所房子。 [即学即练2]　单句语法填空 ①Youd better have your shoes mended(mend)． ②The father wants his daughter taught(teach) the piano. 2．几类能够接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词(短语) (1)表示感觉或心理状态的动词(短语)，如see，watch，observe，find，look at，hear，listen to，feel，notice，think等。 I heard the song sung in English. 我听到有人用英语唱这