《医学免疫学》免疫调节.pptVIP

免疫调节 （Immunoregulation）; The ability of the immune system to sense and regulate its own responses: 1. To determine the type and scale of a response; 2. To ensure Fast Response upon exogenous antigen stimulation; 3. To switch off the response properly and restore the immune system to a resting state when the response to a given antigen is no long required. ;精品资料; 你怎么称呼老师？ 如果老师最后没有总结一节课的重点的难点，你是否会认为老师的教学方法需要改进？ 你所经历的课堂，是讲座式还是讨论式？ 教师的教鞭 “不怕太阳晒，也不怕那风雨狂，只怕先生骂我笨，没有学问无颜见爹娘 ……” “太阳当空照，花儿对我笑，小鸟说早早早……”;Immunoregulation ;Immune regulation happens at different stages of an immune response;Immune Response;Toll-like receptors and recognition of pathogens;Toll-like receptor signaling pathways;Innate response is critical for an effective immune response. Excessive response lead to endotoxic shock (sepsis)： Sepsis（败血症） is a serious medical condition that is characterized by a whole-body inflammatory state (called a systemic inflammatory response syndrome or SIRS) and the presence of a known or suspected infection. The body may develop this inflammatory response to microbes in the blood, urine, lungs, skin, or other tissues. A lay term for sepsis is blood poisoning. The Key event for innate immune response: Recognition of microbe patterns by pattern recognition receptors including TLR. ;Regulation of TLR4 signaling ;TLR4 signaling is regulated by membrane trafficking: Rab7b promote endocytosis and degradation Cao X 2007 Rab10 promote trafficking onto cell surface. Wang D et al in Lu lab 2010;Regulation by signaling pathways (cytokine receptors signaling);Regulation by signaling pathways (SOCS family);*;Summary of the first part: Regulation of TLR signaling The role of SOCS in cytokine signaling (inducible, ubiqutin ligases) ;Regulation by Inhibitory receptors;1). Activating receptor: ITAM (immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif) Motifs：YxxL/V Recruit : kinases, adaptor proteins Induce activation signal 2). Inhibitory receptor: ITIM (immunoreceptor tyrosin