Part_8分析和总结分析和总结.pdfVIP

New Way Chemistry for Hong Kong A-level Suggested Solutions for GCE Questions Part 8 Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry (Book 3, p.149 – p.152) 17. (a) Ethanol ? Strong hydrogen bonding are formed due to highly polar O — H group boiling point is higher than simple molecular compounds with similar number of electrons. ? Soluble in water (forms hydrogen bonds with water), soluble in organic solvents (forms dipole-induced dipole). (b) Cis and trans-butenedioic acids ? Cis-isomer has overall dipole moment, trans-isomer has zero dipole moment cis-isomer is polar and trans-isomer is non-polar cis-isomer has higher boiling point than trans. ? Cis-isomer binds together with hydrogen bonds as well as Van der Waal ’s forces and thus has a high boiling point. ? Cis-isomer is more soluble in water than trans-isomer and both are expected to be soluble in organic solvents. (c) Ethane ? Non polar molecules bind together with weak temporary dipole-induced dipole forces low boiling point. ? Insoluble in water (forms only weak dipole-induced dipoles with water) but soluble in organic liquids. 18. (a) 2-hydroxypropanoic acid (b) (c) Optical isomerism 19. (a) doc 59 Manhattan Press (H.K.) Ltd. New Way Chemistry for Hong Kong A-level Suggested Solutions for GCE Questions (b) H (stabilization of ( )) = 3 ( –119.6) – ( –208.4) = –150.4 kJ/mol H (stabilization of ( )) = 2 ( –119.6) – ( –2