OECD人工智能与国际贸易初步影响报告（2022-04-22）.docx

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND INTERNATIONAL TRADE SOME PRELIMINARY IMPLICATIONS OECD TRADE POLICY PAPER April 2022 n°260 OECD TRADE POLICY PAPER N°160 ? OECD 2022 OECD TRADE POLICY PAPER N°160 ? OECD 2022 OECD TRADE POLICY PAPER N°160 ? OECD 2022 OECD TRADE POLICY PAPER N°160 ? OECD 2022 OECD TRADE AND AGRICULTURE DIRECTORATE Artificial Intelligence and International Trade: Some Preliminary Implications Janos Ferencz, Javier López-González, and Irene Oliván García Artificial intelligence (AI) has strong potential to spur innovation, help firms create new value from data, and reduce trade costs. Growing interest in the economic and societal impacts of AI has also prompted interest in the trade implications of this new technology. While AI technologies have the potential to fundamentally change trade and international business models, trade itself can also be an important mechanism through which countries and firms access the inputs needed to build AI systems, whether goods, services, people or data, and through which they can deploy AI solutions globally. This paper explores the interlinkages between AI technologies and international trade and outlines key trade policy considerations for policy makers seeking to harness the full potential of AI technologies. Key words: Trade policy, digital trade, innovations, data flows, Regional Trade Agreements JEL codes: F13, F14, O33 Acknowledgements This paper received helpful comments and suggestions from Julia Nielson, Susan Stone, John Drummond, Silvia Sorescu, Andrea Andrenelli, Francesca Casalini, Chloe Papazian, Sebastian Benz, Alexander Jaax, Matteo Fiorini, and Cemre Balaban of the Trade and Agriculture Directorate; Annabelle Mourougane of the Statistics and Data Directorate; and Karine Perset, Laura Galindo, Céline Caira, and Alistair Nolan of the Science, Technology and Innovation Directorate. The authors are also grateful to Avi Goldfarb (University of Toronto), Nuria Oliver and Emmanuel Letouzé (Data-Pop Alliance), a