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- 2022-06-26 发布于上海
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英语语法复习:动词时态和语态
时态与语态一直是热点,也是广大考生复习备考的难点。考纲要求考生应该具备较强的语言应用能力,能在具体语境中恰当、准确地使用某一特定时态;熟练掌握常见的 8 种时态,弄清 16 种时态,同时还要熟练运用特殊时态句式和用法以及不用被动式但表示被动的动词和短语。
一、动词时态考查要点简述
一般现在时
主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点;表示经常或习惯性的动作,句子中常有 often,
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考点一:表示永恒的真理,客观存在,科学事实,即使出现在过去的语境中,仍用一般现在时。如:
A.
will make B. had made C. was making D. makes
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词时态。题干是陈述一个客观真理,用一般现在时,选 D。考点二:表示格言或警句。例如:
Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。
注意:此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。
I dont want so much. 我不要那么多。
Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 安英语写得不错,讲的可不行。比较:Now I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子。
I am doing my homework now. 我正在做功课。
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【典例】Next time you here,let’s have lunch together. A.will be B.are C.have been D.were
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查时态的用法。在时间、条件状语从句中,从句应用现在时表将来。next time 引导的是一个表示将来的时间状语从句,应用一般现在时的形式; have lunch together 是一个表示一般将来的事情。
So long as he works hard, I don’t mind when he finishes the experiment.
只要他努力工作, 我不介意他什么时候做完试验。
考点六:在 the more… the more … (越……越……) 句型中, 若主句是一般将来时, 从句通常用一般现在时。
The harder you study, the better results you will get.
现在进行时
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表说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动:或表感情色彩,加强语气。与频
率副词,如 always,constantly,continually,again 等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩(赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等)。
We are having English class.
The house is being built these days.
The little boy is always making trouble.
Marry is leaving on Friday. 3.现在完成时
表示动作发生在过去,完成在过去,但强调与现在情况仍有联系,其结果或影响仍存在。现在完成时有一些标志性的时间状语:
考点一:for + 时间段;since + 时间点
They have lived in Beijing for five years. They have lived in Beijing since 1995.
I have learned English for ten years.
考点二:常见的不确定的时间状语:lately; recently, just, already, yet, up to now; till now; so far, these days,
Has it stopped raining yet ?
【典例】—What is the price of petrol these days
—Oh, it sharply since last month.
A. is raised B. has risen C. has arisen D. is increased
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T
his is my first time that I have visited China. This is the most interesting film I have ever seen. That is the only book that he has written.
一般过去时
表在过去某个特定时间发生且完成的动作,或过去习惯性动作,不强调对现在的影响,只说
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