直接引语变间接引语详细讲解加练习 (1).docxVIP

直接引语和间接引语 Direct speech and Indirect speech 什么是直接引语？ 直接引述别人的原话，一般加冒号，且没有时态呼应的问题； 如：He said, “I’m afraid I can’t finish the work.” 什么是间接引语？ 用自己的话转述别人的话，不用引号，通常情况构成宾语从句， 从句中的语序，时态，人称，时间状语，地点状语，和指示代词等都有变化。如：He said that he was afraid he couldn’t finish the work. 为什么要把直接引语变成间接引语？ 当你需要转述别人的话的时候就需要用到；除了 用 say,还可以用 tell, ask 等。 所转述的内容可以是陈述句，疑问句，特殊疑问句，祈使句，感叹句，这几种情况下该怎么将直接引语变成间接引语呢？只要记住刚刚说的那6 点：语序，时态，人称，时间状语，地点状语，和指示代词，记住相对应的变化规则，那么就不是一件难事。下面我们来看例子： 直接引语：He said, “My dad will be back tomorrow morning” 间接引语：He said that his dad would be back the next/following morning.. 我们来分析一下这个例句，时态，人称，时间状语都发生了变化 My dad---his dad, will be back---would be back, tomorrow morning the next/following morning 一、下面我们先看时态不变的 5 种情况： 直接引语是客观真理，自然现象，名言，俗语，或者与一个具体的过去时间连用说明客观事实时，不管主句的谓语动词是什么时态，变为间接引语的时候时态均不变，如： “The earth moves around the sun,” the teacher told us. The teacher told us the earth moves around the sun. said, “I was born in Guangdong in 1990”. He said he was born in Guangdong in 1990. said, “The important thing in life is to have a great aim, and the determination to attain it.” Goethe said the important thing in life is to have a great aim, and the determination to attain it. :He said, “Practice makes perfect.” He said that practice makes perfect. 主句的谓语动词是现在是或将来时，变成间接引语时时态不变 says, “I finished the work.” He says he finished the work. will say, “I have watered the flower.” He will say he has watered the flower. will say, “I will try my best to help you.” He will say he will try his best to help me. 直接引语如果是一般现在时，表示反复出现或习惯性动作，变为间接引语时时态不变。 said, “My brother always goes to school by bike.” Jack said his brother always goes to school by bike. mother said, “I like on-line shopping.” My mother said she likes on-line shopping. 直接引语是过去进行时，或者是过去完成时时，变为间接引语时，时态不变，如 said, “Lucy, where were you going when I met you near the shop?” Jim asked Lucy where she was going when he met her near the shop. said, “Tom was having video meeting at 9 o’clock last night.” Kelly said Tom was having video meeting at 9 o