有关金融的英语口语对话.pdfVIP

有关金融的英语口语对话 H:Well, the term International Monetary System actually refers to a series of agreementsamon the major governments and their central banks to bring order and stability to theinternational exchange markets.霍： 噢，“国际货币制度这一术语实际上是为了维护国际外汇市场的秩序和 稳定，一些影响较大的政府和中央银行之间所签定的一系列协定。 The most important, signed in 1944, is called the Bretton Woods Agreemen 最为重要的一个协定是1944 年签定的布雷顿森林协Then it established the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund. 根据该 协定建立了世界银行和国际货币基金组织。 S2:Oh, you mean these agreements regulate international exchange rates?学2:那么,您是说由这些协定来管理国际汇率H:Yes. They did until 1971.霍：是的，直到1971 年。 S3:What happened in 1971 to change this?学3：什么原因在1971 年 改变了这一点呢?H:The surplus of dollars abroad from foreign aid, 霍：由 于外援而造成国外的美元过剩，capital exports and chronic balance of payments deficits forced the U.S. to formally suspendgold convertibility.资 本的输出和长期的国际收支逆差迫使美国正式中止了黄金可兑换性， This brought an end to the old Bretton Woods System. 致使旧的布雷顿森 林体系宣告结束。 S4:Then, was the Smithsonian Agreement signed? 学4 ：然后签订了 史密森协定?H:You are right. In December 1971.霍：是这样。 在1971 年12 月签订的。 Under this agreement and others the fixed rate exchange system has been changed to afloating exchange rate system in whic the values of various currencies fluctuate to restorebalance-of-payments equilibrium.在 这一协定和其他协定的指导下，固定的外汇汇率制度转变为浮动汇率 制度，在这个制度中，以各种货币价值的波动来恢复国际收支差额的 平衡。 S4:I see. But I have another question. Are foreign exchange rates free to change according tothe laws of supply and demand now? 学4 ：我明白 了，但我还有一个问题。 现在外汇汇率是按照供需规律自由地变化吗?H:Not quite. In fact, we now have another system, a dirty float system.霍：也不完全这样。 实际上，我们现在建立了另一个制度，受限制的汇率浮动的制度。 You know there is a lot of flexibility in exchange rates in accordance with balance of paymentfactors, 你们知道按照国际收支差额因素，汇率 有很大程度的灵活性，central