《建筑结构试验》英文教学课件 第8章 Loading System - Static Structural Testing.pptVIP

STRUCTURAL MODELINGANDEXPERIMENTALTECHNIQUES Chapter 8 Loading System —— Static Structural Testing Static Loading SystemsSpherical joint test of the West TowerSteel space truss test3 Test of components: Beams (bending)Columns (axial)Beam-columns (both)Devices (connectors etc…)Test of structures: Single loadsMultiple loadsStructural testing (static means slow loading, acceleration effect not considered)4 Purpose of testing: Determine strength limitsDetermine flexibility/rigidity of structureTest set-up: Define and construct modelsImplement proper boundary conditions(Instrument model and references)Implement loadingStructural testing (static means slow loading, acceleration effect not considered)5 Static – time is not a factor (infinitely slow)Quasi-static – very slowly applied loading in one direction (monotonic)Quasi-static - reversed cyclic loadingDynamic (random) loading – shake table excitationsQuestion #1: What types of loading need to be applied?6 Component Testing : 1 beams (bending, shear, etc…)2 columns (axial, bending, shear, P-Δ, creep, etc…)3 special devices (dampers, isolators, etc…)Subassembly Testing : 1 beam-column-slab-joint cruciform2 parts of framesLoading Conditions:1 single loads, i.e. axial load for column buckling2 multiple loads, i.e. P-Δ effect, axial and shear loads3 base loads, i.e. earthquake simulationsStructural testing7 Purpose of Testing: 1 determine strength limits (crack, yield, ultimate, etc…)2 determine flexibility/stiffness of structures3 verify analytical tools4 verify failure theories Experimental Setup Process: 1 design and construct model2 implement proper boundary conditions3 instrument model4 implement loading and reaction load requirementsStructural testing8 i.e. Typical loadcell : It is desired to put a constant moment over the load cell…Try Example setup: Calibrate bending moment load cells9 i.e. Typical loadcell : Now we can calibrate loadcells! Set gain (signal amplification) such that the output voltage corresp