《基础工程》教学课件 ch8 Spread footing, geotechnical design.pptxVIP

Spread footing:Geotechnical designDesign contentGeotechnial DesignUnfactored Load标准组合，正常使用极限状态NDepth (D)Width (B) or AreaThickness (T)Rebar MVDTBFactored Load(基本组合，承载力极限状态)c, f, E, g, wStructural DesignFooting depth(D)D1D2DefinitionThe footing depth is measured from the lowest adjacent ground surface to the bottom of the footing.Question: can D be 0? Most of the Bearing Capacity will be lost .easy to be undercut by scour(冲刷), (桥墩)The top soil usually is poor in strength.Unable to resist horizontal load, or very poor if any.Easy to be impacted by the weather.Frost heave（冻胀）?Footing should be carried below:Topsoil or organic materialPeat（淤泥） and muck （污泥）Unconsolidated material, such as abandoned garbage dumps or new filled soilZone of high volume change due to moisture fluctuations膨胀土、遇水软化The frost line（冻深线）Frost heaveDepth of frost penetration(冻深)Definition: The greatest depth to which the ground might become frozen at a given location.Connecting the locations of the same depth of frost penetration forms a frost line.606050406060The minimum depth建筑地基基础设计规范Code for design of building foundation(GB 50007-2011)10cmD≥50cmThe Suggested minimum depthUnfactored Load(标准组合)For square and rectangular footingFor continuous footing 0-800 500 0-330 500Conflict with our codeOther general principles to determine DMake D shallower, if possible (both bearing capacity and settlement are satisfied.).Save time, money and material宽基浅埋Make D above the groundwater level in construction stage, if possible.Hard soil(HS)Examples-the influence of the geological condition I II III IVh1H.S.S.Sh1Soft soil(SS)H.SS.SIf h1 2m, embedded in H.S.If h14m, pile foundation or treat the soil.If h1=2m~4m, embedded in HS when the stories 3. otherwise embedded in S. S. . Made it shallower,if possible Use only for 1~3 stories, otherwise treat the soil or use pile foundation.Embedded in