不定式作定语.docxVIP

  • 6
  • 0
  • 约2.55千字
  • 约 5页
  • 2023-07-22 发布于北京
  • 举报
不定式作定语 不定式作定语,一般都是作后置定语,修饰前面的名词或代词。一、不定式与所修饰词之间的关系 1.主谓关系 被修饰的名词或代词实际上是不定式的逻辑主语。如: XXX to help with the work.(someone will help with the work)我们需要有人来帮忙干这工作。 2.动宾关系 被修饰的名词或代词是动词不定式的逻辑宾语。如: I have many letters to write.(to write many letters)我有许多信要写。3.同位关系 不定式与所修饰的名词指的是一回事。如: We have made a plan to learn from Lei Feng.我们制定了一个向雷锋研究的计划。4.状语关系 被修饰的名词实际上表示动词不定式动作的方式、时间等。这些名词多是抽象名词。如:Thats the way to do it.那样做才对。 I have no time to go there.我没有时间去那儿。 2、不定式与其所润饰的词组成逻辑上的动宾干系,而该不定式为不及物动词时,厥后须加上恰当的介词,组成及物动词短语。如: I am looking for a room to live in.我正在找一间房子住。 I need a piece of paper to write on.我需要一张写字用的纸。 There is nothing to worry about.没甚么可忧郁的。 不定式作定语且所修饰的名词是time,place或way时,不定式后的介词一般要省去。如:He had no money and no place to live.他没有钱也没有地方住。 三、当不定式修饰的名词或代词为不定式动作的承受者时,不定式主动形式与被动形式的含义有所不同。试对比: There is nothing to do.无事可做。(有无聊感) There is nothing to be done.不能做什么了。(即束手无策了) There is nothing to see.没有东西值得看。 There is nothing to be XXX.什么东西也看不见。 1、不定式作定语 1.作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词,或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等,不定式后面须有相应的介词。如: XXX house to live in. There is nothing to worry about. Please give me a knife to cut with. Here is some paper for you to write on. 但是,不定式所润饰的名词假如是time,place或way时,不定式背面的介词惯上省去。如:He had no money and no place to live (in). We found a way to solve this problem (in). 2.当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时,不定式既可以用主动语态,也可用被动语态,但其含义有所不同。试比较: Have you anything to send。你有甚么工具要寄吗?(不定式to send的举措履行者是“你”)Have you anything to be sent。你有甚么要(我或别人)寄的工具吗?(不定式XXX的举措履行者是“我”或“别人”) 3.用不定式作定语的几种情形: 不定式表未来: XXX. 用来润饰被序数词、最初级或no。all。any等限制的中心词。如:He was the best man to do the job. He was always the first to come and the last to leave. She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games.Women and children were the first to get into the lifeboats. 用来修饰的词是抽象名词时,常见的有:ability,chance,idea,fact,excuse,promise,answer,reply。attempt。belief。way。reason。moment。time等。如: Do you have the ability to read and write English。 I have a chance to go sight –seeing. 动词不定式作定语与被润饰的词之间有肯定的逻辑干系。这些干系常见的有三种。1、不定式与被润饰的名词或代词有逻辑上的动

文档评论(0)

1亿VIP精品文档

相关文档