新人教必修1语法·剖析 .docxVIP

语法·剖析 代词和状语的变化 直接引语和间接引语之间的转换(Ⅱ) 巧记：一主，二宾，三不变。 说明：直接引语改为间接引语时，第一人称的代词和物主代词，必须与主句中的主语的 人称一致，在数上不发生变化。第二人称的代词和物主代词变化时，必须随主句中的宾语， 如果没有宾语可以加个宾语(如 me 或 us)。而第三人称的代词和物主代词在变为间接引语时， 一律不变。 “一主”：He/I/You said to Rose，“I can help them.” →He/I/You told Rose that he/I/you could help them. “二宾”：He said to her/me/you，“You can help them.” →He said to her/me/you that she/I/you could help them. “三不变”：He said to Rose，“She/He/They could help them.” →He told Rose that she/he/they could help them. ①一般将来时： shall/will/may/can/must 过去将来时：should/would/might/could/must/had to ②将来进行时：will be doing ③将来完成时：will have done ④一般过去时：was/were,did 语序的变化 当直接引语是陈述句时 →在间接引语中只需加 that。如： 过去将来进行时： would be doing 过去将来完成时： would have done 过去完成时：had been,had done Sue said，“Mother，I haven’t been able to find the book.”苏说道：“妈妈，我没有找到那本书。” →Sue said to her mother that she hasn’t been able to find the book. 苏对妈妈说她没找到那本书。 当直接引语是特殊疑问句时 →在间接引语中，疑问词保留不变，语序为陈述句语序。如： The student asked，“When did Columbus discover America？”学生们问道：“哥伦布什么时候发现美洲的？” →The student asked when Columbus discovered America. 学生们想知道哥伦布是什么时候发现美洲的。 当直接引语是一般疑问句时 →在间接引语中，先把一般疑问句的语序变为陈述句的语序，然后在此句子前加 if 或 whether。如： Jane asked，“Has my sister been talking on the phone？”简问道：“我姐姐是不是一直在打电话？” →Jane asked whether/if her sister had been talking on the phone. 简问她姐姐是不是一直在打电话。 当直接引语是感叹句时 →在间接引语中，保留 how 或 what，或使用 that 从句把原来的感叹句用陈述句表示。如： I cried，“What a crazy idea you have!” 我大喊：“你的主意太棒了！” →I cried what a crazy idea you had. →I cried that you had a crazy idea. 我大喊你的主意很棒。 当直接引语是祈使句或表示请求的句子时 →在间接引语中，要用一个带动词的简单句表示。如： The policeman said，“Please park your car here.” 警察说道：“请把车停在这里。” →The policeman asked me to park my car there.警察让我把车停在那里。 【活学活用】 14.直接引语改间接引语(一空一词) 1)Alice said,“I’ve just got a letter from my father.” Alice just got a letter from her father. 2)He asked her,“Do they agree to sow wheat close together?” He to sow wheat close together. 3)Alice asked Mike,“Have you finished doing your homework?” Alice asked doing his homework. 4)The students asked