低碳环境下多式联运路径优化研究.pdfVIP

青交通％技 2022第1期 低碳环境下多式联运路径优化研究 李苗苗 (兰州铁道设计院有限公司 兰州730000) 摘要：多式联运路径与运输方式组合优化问题是运筹学领域十分重要的研究课题 。通过引入碳税机制，综合考 虑多式联运物流配送过程中的运输成本 、中转成本、惩罚成本和碳排放成本，建立了含运到时限约束和路径容量 约束的组合优化模型 。针对本文构造的模型设计了包含路径节V和运输方式的编码形式，用模拟退火蚁群算法求 解，并引入自适应灾变算子等操作,提高算法优化能力 。首先，利用蚁群算法确定局部最优解 ，以局部最优解作初 始解，然后，利用模拟退火算法进行局部搜索，依据Metropolis抽样准则，判断是否接受当前搜索结果 。最后 ，以一 个30个节V的多式联运网络为例，进行模型和算法的可行性与有效性验证 。研究结果表明，碳税值逐渐增大可以 有效促进多式联运承运人选择更为低碳的运输方案 。模拟退火蚁群算法能搜寻到比基本蚁群算法、遗传算法更优 的目标函数值 ，目标函数值平均分别优化10. 25%和32. 9% ，且收敛速度更快。 关键词 :多式联运;模拟退火算法；蚁群算法;碳排放成本;碳税值 Multi - modal transport rational path optimization based on ant colony optimization and simulated annealing Li Miaomiao (Lanzhou Railway Survey and Design Institute Co . Ltd, Lanzhou 730000, China) Abstract: The combined optimization of multimodal transportation path and transportation mode is an extremely importan research topic in the field of operations research. By introducing the carbon tax mechanism and compre­ hensively considering the transpor cos , transi cos , penalty cos and carbon emission cos in the process of multi­ modal transportation , a combined optimization model with delivery time constrain and route capacity constrain was established. For the model constructed in this paper, a coding form including path nodes and transportation modes was designed, simulated annealing an colony algorithmwas used to solve the model. Besides, operations such as a­ daptive catastrophe operators were introduced to improve the optimization ability of the algorithm. Firstly, the an colony algorithm was used to determine the local optimal solution , and the local optimal solution was used as the ini­ tial solution. Then, the simulated annealing algorithm was used to p