药理学教学课件：Drugs acting on blood system.pptVIP

Drugsactingonbloodsystem

Bloodcoagulationistheconversionofliquidbloodintoasolidgel.Coagulationinvolvesbothacellular(platelet)anda?protein(coagulationfactor)component.Primaryhemostasis:??Plateletsimmediatelyformaplugatthesiteofinjury;Secondaryhemostasis:Proteinsinthe?bloodplasma,called?coagulationfactors?or?clottingfactors,respondinacomplexcascadetoform?fibrin?strands,whichstrengthentheplateletplug

ⅠFibrinogen纤维蛋白原ⅡProthrombin凝血酶原ⅢTissuethromboplastin组织凝血活素ⅣCa2+钙离子Ⅴproaccelerin加速因子ⅦProconvertin转化因子ⅧAntihemophilicfactor抗血友病因子ⅨPlasmathromboplastinantecedent血浆凝血激酶ⅩStuartfactor斯图尔特因子ⅪPlasmathromboplastincomponent血浆凝血激酶前质ⅫHagemanfactor接触因子XIIIFibrinstabilizingfactor纤维蛋白稳定因子Clottingfactorsintheblood

Processofcoagulation(Secondaryhemostasis)Threemainsteps:Formationofprothrombin-activatingcomplexConversionofprothrombintothrombinConversionofsolublefibrinogenintoinsolublefibrin.

FormationoffibrinclotBothsystemsinvolveacascadeofenzymereactionsthatsequentiallytransformvariousplasmafactors(proenzymes)totheiractive(enzymatic)forms.TheyultimatelyproduceFactorXa,whichconvertsprothrombin(FactorII)tothrombin(FactorIIa)

Thenaturallyoccurringanticoagulantslimittheextentofclotformation:AntithrombinⅢ(ATⅢ),whichisactivatedbyheparin,andinactivatesthrombinandotherfactors.

AnticoagulantsAnti-plateletdrugsFibrinolyticdrugs

Ⅰ.AnticoagulantsThesearedrugsusedtoreducethecoagulabilityofblood.thrombininhibitorsHeparinLowmolecularweightheparinVkantagonistWarfarin

HeparinHeparinisamixtureofsulfatedmucopoly-saccharideswithawiderangeofmolecularweights(3-15kDa).ispresentinalltissues.Richestsourcesarelung,liverandintestinalmucosa.Itiscommerciallyproducedfromoxlungandpigintestinalmucosa.

Itcarriesstro