外研社2024跨文化商务交际导论-教学课件Unit 3.pptxVIP

ContextEdwardT.Halldefined“context”inhisbookBeyondCultureastheinformationthatsurroundsaneventanditisinextricablyboundupwiththemeaningoftheevent.”

high-contextculturelow-contextcultureContext

Context

1.High-contextculturesMostoftheinformationisinthephysicalcontextorisinternalizedinthepeople.Verylittleinformationisactuallycodedintheverbalmessage.Peopleareveryhomogeneous.High-contextcultureschangeverylittleovertime.Consistentmessageshaveproducedconsistentresponsestotheenvironment.

1.High-contextculturesSomecommoncharacteristicsofhigh-contextculturesinclude:Peopletendtobemoreawareoftheirsurroundingsandtheirenvironment.Peopledonotrelyonverbalcommunicationastheirmaininformationsource.Thecontextofthemessageiswellunderstoodbyboththesenderandthereceiver.Peopleplacemoreemphasisoninterpersonalrelationships.

2.Low-contextculturesSomecommoncharacteristicsoflow-contextculturesinclude:Informationiscommunicatedprimarilythroughlanguage.Rulesareexplicitlyspelledoutandmeaningisexpressedverbally.Verbalmessagescontainmoreinformationandverylittleisshowninthecontextorwithintheparticipants.

2.Low-contextculturesAsHallsays,“high-contextpeopleareapttobecomeimpatientandirritatedwhenlow-contextpeopleinsistongivingtheminformationtheydon’tneed.”Chinesecommunicatebynotstatingthingsdirectly,whileAmericansusuallydotheopposite—“spellitout.”Theformerislookingformeaningandunderstandinginwhatisnotsaid—inthenonverbalcommunicationorbodylanguage,inthesilencesorpauses,andintherelationships.Thelatterplacesemphasisonsendingandreceivingaccuratemessagesdirectly,usuallybybeingarticulatewithwords.

1,4,5,6,8,102,3,7,9

Valueorientations(1)Whatistheinborncharacterofhumannature?(2)Whatistherelationshipbetweenpeopleandnature?(3)Whati