英语构词法之合成法和混成法省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptxVIP

合成法

compounding1第1页

CompoundingConceptCharacteristicsFormation第2页

Concept将两个或两个以上词合成一个新词构词法称为合成法。Compounding:aprocessbywhichacompoundlexemeisderivedfromtwoormoresimplerlexemes.3第3页

4Characteristicstodistinguishacompoundfromafreephrase:SemanticFeatures(语义学标准):acompoundhasitownsemanticfeatures,ratherthanthemeaningcombinationofeachword.E.g.greenhousevs.greenhouseOrthographicFeatures（正字法标准）:Compoundsarewritteninvariousways.E.g.a.Solid(字间不留空):bedroom,newspaper,horseback;b.Hyphenated(用连字符连接):part-time,good-looking;c.Open(字间留空):airforce,airraid,blacklist,blacksea第4页

PhonologicalFeatures（音位学标准）:compoundshaveahighorunitystressinthefirstcomponent.E.g.GrammaticalFeatures（语法特征）:compoundshavetheirowngrammaticalfeatures.e.g.v.+n.breakwatern.;n+-edhomemadeadj.;adj+-ednewbornadj.扬声器loudspeakerratherthanlouderspeaker5compoundsphrasesbluebirdabluebirdblackboardablackboard……第5页

Formation合成名词(Nouncompounds)合成动词(Verbcompounds)合成形容词(Adjectivecompounds)合成副词和合成代词(AdverbcompoundsandPronouncompounds)6第6页

合成名词Nouncompounds方式例词名词+名词football,notebook,seafood,hand-book...形容词+名词blackboard,first-class,greenhouse…动名词+名词waiting-room,writing-desk,sleepingbag..动词+名词pickpocket,turn-coat,sleepwalker…副词+名词income,overcoat,inland…代词+名词he-goat,she-wolf…名词+介词+名词father-in-law,editor-in-chief…动词+副词take-off,breakup,breakdown…副词+动词output,download,overflow…7第7页

合成动词Verbcompounds组成方式例词名词+动词sleepwalk,waterski,daydream,sunbathe…副词+动词overcome,overeat,upload,uphold…形容词+副词whitewash,quick-charge,blacklist,ill-treat…其它方式blow-dry,spin-dry…8梦游滑水做白日梦沐日光浴克服吃太多上传维护刷白快速充电列入黑名单虐待吹干甩干第8页

合成形容词Adjectivecompounds组成方式例词过去分词或-ed词尾kind-hearted,middle-aged,new-born-ing词尾good-looking,easy-going,man-eating形+名或名+形full-time,first-class,ice-cold,brand-new其它方式two-h