数字信号处理课件 The preliminaries.ppt

Thepreliminaries1

Classificationsofsignals1.Continuous-timeanddiscrete-timesignals2.Periodicandnon-periodicsignals3.Deterministicandrandomsignals4.Energyandpowersignals2

Continuous-timeandDiscrete-timesignals(a)Continuous-timesignal.

(b)Representationofx(t)asadiscrete-timesignalx[n].3

Continuous-timeandDiscrete-timesignalsContinuous-timesignal:asignalifitisdefinedforalltimet. Discrete-timesignal:asignalifitisdefinedonlyatdiscreteinstantsoftime. Thediscrete-timesignalcanbederivedbysamplingcontinuous-timesignal： T：sampleinterval4

Periodicandnon-periodicsignals(a)SquarewavewithamplitudeA=1andperiodT=0.2s.

(b)RectangularpulseofamplitudeAanddurationT1.5

Periodicandnon-periodicsignalsPeriodicsignalsaresuchthatx(t+T)=x(t)forallt.ThesmallestvalueofTthatsatisfiesthedefinitioniscalledtheperiod.Ingeneral,forCTsignalsforDTsignalsWherer,Nareintegers6

Periodicandnon-periodicsignals(b)Non-periodicdiscrete-timesignalconsistingofthree

nonzerosamples.Discrete-timesquarewavealternativebetween–1and+1.

7

EnergyandPowersignalsDefinitionsEnergysignal(Joule)Powersignal(Watt)8

EnergyandPowersignals9

DeterministicandRandomSignalsDefinitionThefuturevalueofsignalcannotbedescriptexactlybytimevariables,wecallthemrandomsignals。10

DeterministicandRandomSignalsx[n]0Nn……11

DeterministicandRandomSignalsttt12

Operationsperformedondependentvariables?Amplitudescaling(cisaconstant) Example：13

OperationsperformedondependentvariablesAdditionMultiplication14

OperationsperformedondependentvariablesDifferentiationIntegration15

OperationsperformedondependentvariablesExample：inductorvoltage