数字信号处理课件 第3章The Discrete Fourier Transform.ppt

ChapterThree.TheDiscreteFourierTransform1

Thetwomostcommon,andpowerful,proceduresencounteredinthefieldofdigitalsignalprocessing.●ThediscreteFouriertransform(DFT)●DigitalfilteringTheDFTsoriginisthecontinuousFouriertransformX(f)definedasDFTdefinedasthediscretefrequency-domainsequenceX(m),2

3.1.UNDERSTANDINGTHEDFTEQUATIONX(m)=themthDFToutputcomponent,i.e.,X(0),X(1),X(2),X(3),etc.,m=theindexoftheDFToutputinthefrequencydomain,0,1,2,3,...,N–1,x(n)=thesequenceofinputsamples,x(0),x(1),x(2),x(3),etc.,n=thetime-domainindexoftheinputsamples,n=0,1,2,3,...,N–1,j=????,andN=thenumberofsamplesoftheinputsequenceandthenumberoffrequencypointsintheDFToutputEulersrelationship3

TheNseparateDFTanalysisfrequenciesaremagnitudeandthepower(magnitudesquared)vsX(m)termatanangleofsamplefrequency4

3.1.1DFTExample1(a)theinputsignal;(b)theinputsignalandthem=1sinusoids;fs=8000samples/s5

theinputsignalandthem=4sinusoids;theinputandthem=5sinusoids;theDFTofrealinputsampleisthesymmetryoftheDFToutputterms.6

TheFourierTransformofsomeperiodicsignalAcomplexsinusoidRealsinusoidComplexsinusoidsequenceTime-domainimpulsesequence7

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NpointDFTPeriodic(torfdomain)Discrete(sampled)(fortdomain)10

3.2.DFTSYMMETRYatdegreesatdegreesWhentheDFTinputsequenceisreal,X(m)isthecomplexconjugateofX(N–m)Whentheinputsequencex(n)isreal,thecomplexDFToutputsform=1tom=(N/2)–1areredundantwithfrequencyoutputvaluesform(N/2).thecomplexconjugateofisdefinedas;Inanequivalentform,if,then.11

3.3.DFTLINEARITYAninputsequencex1(n)andanotherinputsequencex2(n),theDFTofthesumofthesesequencesxsum(n)=x1(n)+x2(n)isWithout