四升五年级上册数学《小数乘法》简便计算例题解析.docxVIP

四升五年级上册数学《小数乘法》简便计算

一、乘法交换律

0.25×8.5×4

=0.25×4×8.5

=1×8.5

=8.5

12.5×0.96×0.8

=12.5×0.8×0.96

=10×0.96

=9.6

0.5×0.34×0.6

=0.5×0.6×0.34

=0.3×0.34

=0.102

二、乘法结合律

4.36×12.5×8

=4.36×(12.5×8)

=4.36×100

=436

0.95×0.25×4

=0.95×(0.25×4)

=0.95×1

=0.95

0.75×50×0.4

=0.75×(50×0.4)

=0.75×20

=15

三、拆数+乘法结合律

0.125×8.8

=0.125×8×1.1

=1×1.1

=1.1

0.25×0.28

=0.25×4×0.07

=1×0.07

=0.07

0.125×3.2×2.5

=(0.125×8)×(0.4×2.5)

=1×1

=1

四、乘法分配律

(1.25-0.125)×8

=(1.25×8)-(0.125×8)

=10×1

=9

(125+2.5)×0.8

=125×0.8+2.5×0.8

=100+2

=102

3.72×3.5+6.28×3.5

=3.5×(3.72+6.28)

=3.5×10

=35

四升五年级上册数学《小数乘法》简便计算

五、把其中一个因数分成两个数的和或差，再按乘法分配律

0.8×100.1

=0.8×(100+0.1)

=0.8×100+0.8×0.1

=80+0.08

=80.08

4.6×0.9

=4.6×(1-0.1)

=4.6×1-4.6×0.1

=4.6-0.46

=4.14

3.65×10.1

=3.65×(10+0.1)

=3.65×10+3.65×0.1

=36.5+0.365

=36.865

0.85×199

=0.85×(200-1)

=0.85×200-0.85×1

=170-0.85

=169.15

0.32×403

=0.32×(400+3)

=0.32×400+0.32×3

=128+0.96

=128.96

079×99

=0.79×(100-1)

=0.79×100-0.79×1

=79-0.79

=78.21

六、添加因数“1”

56.5×99+56.5

=56.5×99+56.5×1

=56.5×(99+1)

=56.5×100

=5650

5.4×11-5.4

=5.4×11-5.4×1

=5.4×(11-1)

=5.4×10

=54

9.7×99+9.7

=9.7×99+9.7×1

=9.7×(99+1)

=9.7×100

=970

1.87×9.9+0.187

=1.87×9.9+1.87×0.1

=1.87×(9.9+0.1)

=1.87×10

=18.7

4.2×99+4.2

=4.2×99+4.2×1

=4.2×(99+1)

=4.2×100

=420

12.7×9.9+1.27

=12.7×9.9+12.7×0.1

=12.7×(9.9+0.1)

=12.7×10

=127

四升五年级上册数学《小数乘法》简便计算

七、更改因数的小数点位置

6.66×3.3+0.666×67

=6.66×3.3+6.66×6.7

=6.66×(3.3+6.7)

=6.66×10

=66.6

46×57+2.3×86

=46×5.7+2.3×2×43

=46×5.7+46×4.3

=46×(5.7+4.3)

=46×10

=460

3.14×0.68+31.4×0.032

=3.14×0.68+3.14×10×0.032

=3.14×0.68+3.14×0.32

=3.14×(0.68+0.32)

=3.14×1

=3.14

4.8×7.8+78×0.52

=4.8×7.8+7.8×10×0.52

=4.8×7.8+7.8×5.2

=7.8×(4.8+5.2)

=7.8×10

=78

101×0.87-0.91×87

=1.01×100×0.87-0.91×87

=1.01×87-0.91×87

=87×(1.01-0.91)

=87×0.1

=8.7

2.3×16+2.3×23+2.3

=2.3×16+2.3×23+2.3×1

=2.3×(16+23+1)

=2.3×40

=2.3×40

=92