国外护理考试题及答案.doc

国外护理考试题及答案

一、单项选择题（每题5分，共4题）

1.Intheassessmentofapatientspain,whichofthefollowingisthemostsubjectivemethod?

A.Vitalsignmeasurement

B.Physicalexamination

C.Patientsself-report

D.Observationofbodylanguage

Answer:C.Patientsself-reportisthemostsubjectivemethodasitreliesonthepatientspersonalperceptionanddescriptionofpain.Vitalsignmeasurement(A)canprovidesomeindicationofpainbutisnotassubjectiveasself-report.Physicalexamination(B)andobservationofbodylanguage(D)aremoreobjectivewaysofgatheringinformationrelatedtopain.

2.Whencaringforapatientwithatracheostomy,whichofthefollowingistheprioritynursingintervention?

A.Changingthetracheostomydressingregularly

B.Ensuringapatentairway

C.Providingoralcare

D.Monitoringvitalsigns

Answer:B.Ensuringapatentairwayisthetopprioritywhencaringforapatientwithatracheostomy.Withoutapatentairway,thepatientslifeisatimmediaterisk.Changingthetracheostomydressingregularly(A),providingoralcare(C),andmonitoringvitalsigns(D)areimportantbutnotascriticalasmaintainingairwaypatency.

3.Apatientisonheparintherapyfordeepveinthrombosis.Whichlaboratoryvalueshouldthenursecloselymonitor?

A.Bloodureanitrogen(BUN)

B.Serumcreatinine

C.Activatedpartialthromboplastintime(aPTT)

D.Plateletcount

Answer:C.Heparinisananticoagulant,andtheactivatedpartialthromboplastintime(aPTT)isusedtomonitortheeffectivenessofheparintherapy.BUN(A)andserumcreatinine(B)arerelatedtokidneyfunctionandnotdirectlyrelevanttoheparinmonitoring.Plateletcount(D)maybeaffectedbyheparininsomecases(heparin-inducedthrombocytopenia),butaPTTistheprimaryparameterformonitoringheparinsanticoagulanteffect.

4.Whichofthefollowingpositionsismostappropriateforapatientwithanewlyinsertedfemoralarterialcathetertopreventbleeding?