专题04 说明文、议论文阅读（教师版）.docxVIP

专题04说明文、议论文阅读

说明文

（一）

（2025·湖南·二模）

C

Googleuseditsartificialintelligence-poweredweatherforecastingtoolstopreciselypredictfloodsuptoaweekinadvanceofthemhappening.InanewpaperpublishedinthescientificjournalNature,Google’sresearchersdescribethisasanearlywarningsystemthatcouldbeusedthroughouttheworld,notonlytopredictorrecognizenaturaldisastersbutalsotobuffertheworsteffectsofwhatisoneofthemostcommontypesofnaturaldisasters.

Floodingcanbedifficulttoaccuratelypredict,particularlyriverinefloods,duetoalackofresourcesanddatarelatedtofloodhistory,waterlevels,andterrain(地形).AIuseinweatherforecastingisnothingnew.Still,theriseofmorepowerfulprocessorsandlargerdatasetsisallowingfornewscalesofprediction,includinganewNvidiadigitalEarth.

Asmallpercentageofglobalrivershavestreamflowgauges(测量仪)whichcanbeusedtowarnpeopleifthevolumeofwaterflowingthroughtheriverchanges.Whencombinedwithotherpointssuchasthelocalterrain,settlementsneartheriver,weatherforecasting,andhistoricaleventsonthesameriver,datacanbeusedtopredictflooding.GoogleresearchersgatheredasmuchglobaldataastheycouldaccessandtrainednewAImodelstoanalyzethem.Afterwards,thosemodelscouldthenmakepredictionsforthoseregionswheredatamightbeconsiderablylimitedorevennonexistent.

TheteamlaunchedaFloodHubplatform,whichprovidedaccesstoforecastsin20countrieswherefloodforecastinghadbeendifficultinthepast.Theplatformcollectedseeminglyunrelatedinformationwhichwasavailablelocally,feditintotheAIsystemasareminder,andorderedtheAItofillinthegapsandthenclassifydata.SofarFloodHubhasbeenexpandedto80countriesinAfrica,Asia-Pacific,Europea,andtheAmericas,coveringover460millionpeopleglobally,particularlythoseincommunitiessufferingfromflooding.“Wherepossi