病理学英文课件_Chapter_5_Neoplasia5.3Atypia_.pptVIP

Section 2 Atypia Definition: this refers to the extent to which tumor cells different from their origin normal cells. obviously: poor differentiation, malignant slightly: well differentiation, benign 1. Atypia of tumor tissue structure benign tumor: slightly change in pattern, including structure malignant tumor: obviously, disorder arrangement, direction, cell layers, and cell rank order. 2. Atypia of tumor cells Benign tumor: slightly Malignant tumor: obviously (1) Pleomorphism: of tumor cells Variation in size and shape Some extremely small and primitive appearing Some many times larger than their neighbors, even tumor giant cells (2) Pleomorphism of nuclei ① Large nuclear the nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio may approach 1:1 (the normal 1:4~6) ② Hyperchromatic dark staining (containing abundance of DNA) ③ Sometimes have two nuclei, even multi nuclei giant cell. ④ The nuclear shape is usually variable. ⑤ Numerous mitoses the most important is appear atypical, bizarre mitotic figures as non- symmetry, tripolar, quadripolar, multipolar spindles and abortion types pathologic mitoses. ⑥ Nuclear membrane became thick the chromatin is often coarsely clumped ⑦ Large nucleoli 3. Atypia of tumor ultrastructure The difference mainly in quantity compared with normal cells (1) Large nuclei and nucleoli, irregular shape, and multiply. (2) Heterochromatin increase, coarsely clumped and distributed along the nuclear membrane. (3) Mitochondrion, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi complex hypogenesis, abnormal shape and decreased number. (4) More dissociative nuclein (5) More lysosomes (6) The cellular junction decrease (7) Microvillus: variation in shape, number, and arrange mount * * (3) Changes in cytoplasm Basophilic Atypia (Quoted from Rubbin’s《Basic Pathology》) non- symmetry, tripolar, quadripolar, multipolar spindles and abortion types pathologic mitoses. non- symmetry(left), tripolar(middle),