线性方程组的求解方法.pdfVIP

线性方程组的求解方法 摘 要 线性方程组的求解方法在代数学中有着极其重要的作用，它与行列式、矩阵、 二次型、线性变换、向量组的线性相关性以及欧氏空间等都有着很密切的联系.但 是，线性方程组的求解方法在 《线性代数》与《高等代数》的教材中类型很单一， 只介绍了高斯消元法和克拉默法则，所以显得这部分内容比较简单，不容易被学生 所重视.本论文首先阐述了线性方程组求解方法的背景、意义、研究现状及相关概 念和性质定理，然后对线性方程组的九种求解方法进行了归纳和总结，并给出具体 例题以详细说明每一种解法的步骤与特点.同时，对九种方法进行了比较，指出了 各种方法的优缺点和适应性，以期待能够帮助读者在解决与线性方程组的求解有关 的题目时选用适当的方法，从而提高解题的效率.此外，利用所总结的线性方程组 的求解方法，教学者能更深刻地向学生展示数学方法的多样性与统一性，进一步培 养学生的发散性思维，使学生能更深刻地理解数学之美. 关键词：线性方程组，求解方法，矩阵，初等变换 I 线性方程组的求解方法 Abstract Methods to solve the linear equations play an important role in Linear Algebra. It closely relates to determinants，matrices，quadratic forms，linear transformations，the linear dependence and independence of vectors and Euclidean spaces. However ，in Advanced Algebra or Linear Algebra the methods to solve the linear equations is singleness. There are only Gauss eliminant algorithm and Cramer’s rule, which is relatively simple, in the teaching materials of Advanced Algebra or Linear Algebra . First of all ，this paper introduces the background and the meaning of the solution of linear equations. Then，on the bases of the description of concepts and theories with respect to linear equations, we generalize nine methods to solve linear equations. To help readers select the right methods to solve linear equations as well as to help readers improve the efficiency in solving questions，we give some examples for each method and describe the characteristics of each example. As a result, with the aid of this paper, teachers can show students there are not only many methods to solve linear equations but also many methods to solve other actual questions. And thus this paper will a