KY学院学生团队信任与团队绩效的关系研究外文翻译.docVIP

外文翻译 原文1 An Empirical Investigation of how Trust, Cohesion, and Performance Vary in Virtual and Face-to-Face Teams Abstract As technology improves, more teams are meeting virtually. In this study, we analyze how individual levels of trust, cohesion, output, outcome satisfaction, and process satisfaction differ in virtual and face-to-face teams completing different tasks. A controlled experiment in which business students were randomly assigned to either a virtual or face-to-face team, completing either an intellective or a preference task, was completed. Comparisons of the four task/technology conditions showed that virtual team members reported lower levels of trust, cohesion, outcome satisfaction, and process satisfaction. However, their output was essentially the same as individual working in face-to-face teams.No significant differences were found between the teams completing the intellective or preference tasks. ...... 2. Literature Review While teams are most often referred to as virtual or F-2-F, in reality most teams are some hybrid or mix of the two. Purely virtual teams would meet only through technology and purely F-2-F teams would meet only in person, having no contact via technology. Purely virtual teams are more difficult to work in because of the lack of media richness or nonverbal cues.Communication takes longer and members may be more reluctant to share information. This may lead to misunderstood communications, increased conflict, and lower cohesion. Studies have also shown that trust is an important requirement in virtual teams since individuals cannot be monitored as closely in this setting . 2.1 Team Performance Team performance has been defined by most researchers in terms of the output produced by the group. In the literature various measures of output including items such as budget overruns and unmet schedules, product or service quality , and customer satisfaction. Other researchers have included measures of member satisfaction and abilit