基于PLC控制的变频扶梯设计.doc

基于PLC控制的变频调速扶梯设计 系 别： 汽车与电气工程系 专 业： 机电一体化 班 级： 08机电（4） 姓 名： 彭雪龙 学 号： 08020104108 指导教师： 缪德俊 完成时间： 2011年5月 摘 要 自动扶梯是生活中随处可见的一道风景线。它由一台特种结构型式的链式输送机和两台特殊结构型式的胶带输送机所组合而成的，用以在建筑物的不同层高间运载人员上下的一种连续输送机械。 它的出现给人类的日常生活带来极大的便利，它同时也成为现代物质文明的一个重要标志。 设置在建筑物层间连续运载人员的输送机。广泛用于车站、码头、商场、机场和地下铁道等人流集中的地方。1900年，巴黎国际博览会展出的一台阶梯状动梯是现代自动扶梯的雏形。以后，自动扶梯在各国得到迅速发展。自动扶梯由梯路(变型的板式输送机)和两旁的扶手(变形的带式输送机)组成。其主要部件有梯级(四轮小车)、牵引链条及链轮、导轨系统、主传动系统(包括电动机、减速装置、制动器及中间传动环节等)、驱动主轴、梯路张紧装置、扶手系统、梳板、扶梯骨架和电气系统等。 梯级在乘客入口处作水平运动(方便乘客登梯)，以后逐渐形成阶梯；在接近出口处阶梯逐渐消失，梯级再度作水平运动。这些运动都是由梯级主轮、辅轮分别沿不同的梯级导轨行走来实现的。Abstract Escalator is a combination of a special type of chain conveyor and two special types belt conveyor. And it is a continuous conveyor that use to carry staffs up and down between the different floors in a building. Its appearance brings human beings a great convenience in the daily life . It also become an important indicator of material. From the birth of the first escalator, the development of the escalator so far has gone through about 100 years. As a transport, escalator transport passengers, not only has succeeded in narrowing the distance between the target, but also make the ultra-short-haul(such as floors, platforms, etc.) and flow staff transport possible. Therefore, the economist said: The emergence of the escalator make people have the desire to go to shopping malls. Traffic experts said: The application of escalators and moving walkways make we can built the stations and the airports as large as possible. As the escalator toward further high-tech, energy-efficient, intelligent direction, the frequency converter has been widely used in escalator areas. The speed control system is a combination of infrared sensors, PLC and Siemens MM440 Inverter. After the transformation ,the traditional escalator provided with the functions ,such as a smooth start , energy-efficient operation and maintenance operation . When escalator starts, it avoi