论敲诈勒索罪的司法认定与立法完善.pdfVIP

摘 要 敲诈勒索罪是指以非法占有为目的，对被害人使用威胁或要挟方法，强行索 要公私财物的行为。本文结合具体案例，从司法认定和立法完善角度，探讨敲诈 勒索罪的犯罪认定及法律适用。本文分为三部分加以论述。 第一部 ，敲诈勒索罪的概念及其犯罪构成。论述了敲诈勒索罪的概念及主 客观要件，通过案例分析了犯罪构成特征及刑事处罚原则。1997 年刑法关于本罪 的新规定：将敲诈勒索数额较大作为犯罪的必备要件，增设管制刑，将原来规定 的最高刑七年提高到十年，以有效惩治情节严重的敲诈勒索行为。 第二部 ，敲诈勒索罪的司法认定。结合司法实践， 析本罪应当划清的几 个主要界限，系统全面阐述了敲诈勒索罪中既遂与未遂两者之间的划 ，本罪与 非罪、抢劫罪、招摇撞骗罪、诈骗罪、绑架罪的界限，通过对犯罪构成的各个要 件的分析比较，旨在使各罪的界限明朗化，便于对案件的定性作出正确判断。 第三部 ，敲诈勒索罪的立法完善。鉴于法律未对本罪 “其他严重情节”作 出规定，为从根本上解决司法实践中量刑不平衡的问题，有必要对该情节作出具 体规定。由于本罪侵犯的是双重客体，即使 案数额未达到巨大，但如果采取的 是带有黑社会形式，这种犯罪情节的恶劣性与社会危害性是显而易见的，对此建 议对某些 “涉黑”行方予以明确。另外，敲诈勒索罪有增设罚金刑的必要，侵犯 财产类型犯罪追求的是不法利益，判处罚金剥夺一定数额金钱，既可以从经济上 限制犯罪 子继续犯罪能力，也是罪责刑相适应原则的体现。 关键词：敲诈勒索罪 犯罪构成 司法认定 立法完善 1 Abstract The crime of extortion is a crime which aims at owning property illegally by thread the victims or using coercion against victims in order to extort public or private property forcefully .Combining with real cases. Based on judicial confirmation and legislative perfection. the author discusses how to identify the crime of extortion and which law is applicable .The body of the thesis can be divided into three sections. Part one The first section exposition of this crime and the subj ective and objective elements of it. In this section, the author analyses the feature of this crime and the principle of the crime sanction. According to the criminal law promulgated in 1997, large amount is the essential elements of the crime of extortion Meanwhile, control sentence was set up and the original maximum penalty was raised from) sevens to 10years so as to punish serious extortion cases effectively. Part two Combined with judicial practice, the author analyses several major limits of the crime of extortion. The author also .expostulates the limit