孟子责任思想.pdfVIP

内容摘要 孟子以强烈的责任感活动于诸侯各国，他敢于直陈为政者的过失，要求为政 者积极履行相关责任。本文依据孟子的仁政学说、人性论思想，以及角色与责任 的关系，主要探究孟子的政治责任思想、伦理责任思想、道德责任思想。政治责 任中主要以君、臣为对象。以仁政为核心，君的主要责任是制民之产，庠序之教、 尊贤使能。臣的责任主要为劝谏国君，以及在具体的行政过程中综合统筹。伦理 责任中，以人伦之大——父子关系为中心。儒家以仁孝立本，履行孝的责任不单 只是有奉养双亲的伦理意义还有其社会意义，也即是在社会生活中移孝为忠。道 德责任中以人禽之辨和君子小人之辨为中心探究人的普遍责任。人禽之辨探讨的 是，人为什么要承担成为人而不是动物的责任，内在于君子与小人之辨的问题意 识则是，人为什么要成为真正意义上的人，即君子，而不是一般意义上的民众。 凡此，体现了孟子责任思想的构成、维度与关切之所在。 关键词：孟子 责任 政治责任 伦理责任 道德责任 5 ABSTRACT Mencius who had a strong sense of responsibility acting in Vassal states dare to tell the fault of the rulers directly and require them performing duties actively. This paper is mainly discussing the thought of Mencius’ political responsibility 、ethics responsibility and moral responsibility according to his thoughts of policy of benevolence 、theory of human nature and relationship between roles and responsibilities. In political responsibility which main object is Gentlemen and Collision，Mencius used the difference of no action and no possibility to explains the rulers having responsibilities to put policy of benevolence into practice. The measures of policy of benevolence were urging people to produce and be educated 。Collision’s duty was remonstration and the ability of comprehensive planning in administrative process. In ethics responsibility ，its core is the relationship between father and son. Confucian’s fundament is Benevolence and Filial Piety，performing the responsibility of Filial Piety not only has ethics meaning but also social meaning，which changes Filial Piety into Loyalty. In moral responsibility ，the paper explored person’s Universal responsibility with the distinction of human being and animal, the distinction of gentlemen and common people. For the distin