菊花及其近缘种遗传多样性和菊花母系祖先研究.docVIP

  菊花及其近缘种遗传多样性和菊花母系祖 先研究# 李世茂，SULTANA Shirin，胡昊，蔡璇，邹晶晶，王彩云** 5 10 15 20 25 30 （华中农业大学园艺植物生物学教育部重点实验室，武汉 430070） 摘要：本研究利用叶绿体 DNA matK-trnK 基因间隔序列，对不同来源的菊花野生近缘种和 品种与共 42 份供试材料构建了系统发育树。结果表明，matK-trnK 序列有效长度为 427bp， 有效多态性位点为 96 个，占 22.48%。系统进化树结果表明，所有测试材料可以分成两个主 分支，而每个主分支又可以分成两个亚分支。大部分观赏菊花和药菊品种与毛华菊 (C. vesticum)、 亚菊(Ajania pallasiana)、矶菊(Ajania pacifica)、日本起源的 C. occidentali-japonese var. ashizuriense 和虹滨菊(C. shimofomai)在同一分支下，遗传关系分析表明，这几个野生近 缘种可能为观赏菊和药菊品种的母系祖先。 关键词：菊花、野生近缘种、叶绿体基因组、matK-trnK 序列、分子进化 中图分类号：S685.13 Genetic Diversity of Florists Chrysanthemum and the Relative Species and Maternal Ancestor of Florists Chrysanthemum LI Shimao, SULTANA Shirin, HU Hao, CAI Xuan, ZOU Jingjing, WANG Caiyun (Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070 Wuhan, China) Abstract: In the present study, 42 accessions concerning chrysanthemum cultivars and wild relatives were investigated using several intergeneric sequence of chloroplast DNA to resolve the genetic relationship by constructing phylogenetic tree and to study the origin of cultivars. The stitched bidirectional sequencing results of all accessions matK-trnK sequence displayed 96 polymorphic loci in 476 effective bps (22.48%). The phylogenic tree revealed that all accessions were classified into 2 major clusters, and each cluster was further divided into 2 sub clusters. Chrysanthemum vesticum, Ajania pallasiana,Ajania pacifica C. occidentali-japonese var. ashizuriense and C. shimofomai were under the same cluster with these ornamental and medical cultivars. The results of genetic relationship analysis indicated that these 4 wild species were most likely the maternal ancestor of the ornamental and medical cultivars. Key words: Florists chrysanthemum, wild relative species, Chloroplast DNA , matK-trnK sequence, Molecular phylogeny 35 0 引言 菊花（Chrysanthemum × moriforlium Ramat.）隶属于菊科菊属，是中国的十大传统名花 之一。千百年来，菊花从最