对外汉字字源教学研究.pdfVIP

论 文 摘 要 汉字教学是对外汉语教学的一个重要组成部分，也是提高对外汉语教学效 率的一个重要制约因素。汉字是形音义的整体，字形是字音和字义的载体。有些 汉字古文字阶段的形体与意义联系紧密，追溯字源可以直观地展示其形义联系， 这与汉字认知字形激活在先的特点相符合，因此在对外汉字教学中可以利用字源 进行教学。对外汉字字源教学既符合汉字特点和规律，又符合对外汉语教学的特 点和规律。 第一章介绍对外汉字教学与对外汉字字源教学的现状，交代本文的研究内 容与研究方法，指出本文的研究目的与研究意义。 第二章对常用汉字字源进行统计。首先进行字形溯源统计，搜集《现代汉 语常用字字表》中2500 常用字所对应的甲骨文、金文、战国文字、小篆等古文 字字形。其次进行相关性分析，从字形角度，找出其中古今字形、繁简字形具备 相关性的汉字；从字义角度，筛选出字形义与现代义、古今字义具备性的汉字。 我们称这批汉字为对外汉字字源教学用字。 第三章探讨对外汉字字源教学方法。针对对外汉字字源教学用字提出图示 法、联想法、说明法、聚合法等具体的教学方法，并将对外汉字字源教学用字一 一进行分析。最后总结对外汉字字源教学的作用，认为对外汉字字源教学能够提 高汉字学习的效率，进而提高汉语学习的效率，并且展示了汉字的造字思维，提 供了中国文化的熏陶。 关键词：对外汉字教学，汉字字源，统计分析 ABSTRACT Chinese Character is an essential part of TCSL, also an inhibiting factor of TCSL’s efficiency. Chinese character is an entirety, consisting of the graphic formation, pronunciations and meanings of the characters. The information of pronunciation and meanings are conveyed by the graphic formation. Some ancient characters’ graphic formation are closely related to their meanings, so tracing back to the ancient Chinese characters could directly reveal the relationship of graphic formation and meanings, which is in keeping with the feature of graphic formation first when Chine se characters were learned. In this way, we can use ancient Chinese characters in TCSL as it both meets the regular patterns of Chinese characters and TCSL. Chapter 1 introduces the current study of teaching Chinese characters to foreigners and ancient Chinese characters teaching, and explains the main content and methods, at last points out the purpose and the meaning of this research. Chapter 2 makes a statistical analysis of ancient Chinese characters in Modern Chinese Frequently-used Character List. Firstly, we trace back to the ancient Chinese characters and count the number of ch