薄冰层脱附与脆裂的力学模型与功耗优化.pdfVIP

中国科技论文在线 薄冰层脱附与脆裂的力学模型与功耗优化# 张承虎* （哈尔滨工业大学市政环境工程学院，哈尔滨 150090） 5 摘要：本文针对固体表面上冻结的薄冰层的脱附去除问题，建立应力平衡方程并进行应力状 态分析，分别建立了垂直刮削、倾斜刮削条件下的冰层脱附模型和脆裂模型，依据材料强度 理论分析得到了冰层清除所必需的外力及其影响因素，并进一步求解得到了机械刮削除冰的 能耗预测公式。结论指出，倾斜刮削可极大地减小除冰能耗，40º倾斜角具有最小刮削力和 10 能耗，冰层剥离能耗约为冰层潜热热量的1‰到1%，说明机械除冰具有很好的经济可行性。 关键词：冰层；脱附；脆裂；功耗 中图分类号：TU831.6 THE THIN ICE LAYER BRITTLE FRACTURE STRESS 15 MODEL AND DE-ICING ENERGY CONSUMPTION OPTIMIZATION ZHANG Chenghu (School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090) 20 Abstract : Through the establishment of stress balance equation and analysis of stress status, de-icing model and brittle fracture model under the conditions of vertical scraping and tilt scraping are presented respectively. According to material strength theory, the thesis analyses necessary external force to eliminate ice layer and its influencing factors, and then gains energy consumption forecast formula of mechanical scraping deicing, which provides the basis for motor selection of 25 ice-scraping mechanism. Conclusion shows that tilt scraping can greatly reduce deicing energy consumption, that the smallest scraping force and energy consumption are obtained with tilt angle of 40º and that energy consumption of scraping ice is less than 1 ‰ to 1% of heat exchange amount, which shows mechanical deicing owns economic feasibility. Key words: ice layer; de-icing; brittle fracture; energy consumption 30 0 引言 在两种情况下，需要及时地、连续地去除换热表面形成的薄冰层：（1）为了避免换热 面持续冻结而导致冰堵；（2 ）为了获得持续而稳定地凝固潜热热流，需要持续地清洁换热 面。连续地去除表面薄冰层的最可靠方法是机械