工业手外伤调查.DOCVIP

临床医学论文-工业手外伤调查 【摘要】 目的 深入了解我区工业手外伤的发生原因，探索有效的预防措施，降低工业手外伤的发病率。方法? 我们对本区653例工业手外伤的工人进行了问卷调查。结果? 男性工人手外伤占80.2%;20～30岁年龄段最多,占31.3%;伤者文化程度较低,初中及初中以下文化程度占82%;单位以个体和集体中小企业为主占71.3%,其中个体企业占31.3%,集体企业占45%;工种以车工、木工、修理工和建筑工为主,占64%；伤前加班和睡眠不足者占33.1%。调查结果对预防工业手外伤有十分重要的参考价值。结论? 手外伤主要发生在20～50岁男性，手工种以车工、木工、修理工、装配工为主，外伤预防的重点在个体和集体中小企业单位。 　　【关键词】? 手外伤；调查 　　Investigation of hand injury in factories 　　【Abstract】? Objective To find out the reason for hand injury in factories,an investigation was performed,based on the results,some ways of education were launched.Methods? 653 patients were investigated by questionnaire.80.2%of the hand injured patients were male;most of the patients were at the age of 20～30 years,71.3% patients were from small factories and 31.3% were from private factories.overtime working and sleep not enough accounting for 33.1%.Results?The results showed that the small factories were lack of education of protection therefore we took some measures to strength education,such as,the supervisors should realize the importance of labor safety education; the machines needed to be examined and repaired regularly;the worker were given scientific safety education,including the education of the mental status during working.Conclusion?The hand injured patients were nearly male.Most of the patients were at the age of 20～30 years.Most of the patients are turners,carpenters,repairman or fitters.Most of them were from small factories and private factories. 　　【Key words】? hand injury；investigation??? 　　既往文献报道，手外伤在创伤中的比例在15%～286%之间［1～5］，近年来，由于我国的乡镇集体企业和个体私营企业迅速增加,导致工业手外伤发病率呈明显上升趋势［4］,我院近年收治的手外伤患者中70%为工人,虽然目前手外伤的治疗水平显著提高,但预防手外伤的发生则比治疗显得更为重要。我们为了掌握工业手外伤的致病规律，对我区653例工业手外伤患者进行了较为详细的问卷调查，对调查结果进行分析并提出了加强工业安全教育和预防手外伤发生的对策。 　　1? 对象与方法 　　1.1? 调查对象? 我区653例工业手外伤患者。 　　1.2? 调查方法? 参考彭峰等的调查方法［4］，由医生对到我院门急诊治疗的工业手外伤工人填写一张问卷调查表，必要时再根据通信地址，电话进行补充调查。 　　1.3? 调查内容? 姓名、 性别、年龄、工作单位及企业性质；工种分车工、钳工、电工、木工、建筑工、修理工、装配工、司机及其他工种；文化程度分文盲、 小学、初中、高中、大学；受伤日期、时间、班次、致伤物；受伤性质分切割、挤轧和撕脱；还包括伤前身体状况、是否带病工作、睡眠是否充足、是否加班加点、伤