银杏种核贮藏保鲜技术研究及应用进展.docVIP

银杏种核贮藏保鲜技术的研究及应用进展 王 莉 陈 鹏 程 英 丁 峰 扬州大学农学院园艺系 扬州225009 摘 要:银杏种核生产已发展成为重大产业，为了满足不同市场、不同季节、不同加工的需要，银杏种核的贮藏保鲜已显得越来越迫切和重要。银杏种核为干果类果品，相对于其它果品较耐贮藏运输。但种核在常温条件下存放稍长后,则易发生霉烂、硬化和浮水等变质现象,严重影响种核的市场供应、销售和加工利用，成为银杏产业化经营中亟待解决的关键问题。本文查阅国内外近60篇相关文献,就银杏种核的贮藏保鲜技术的研究和应用进行综合评述,介绍了银杏采后包括化学、物理、生物等方面的种核贮藏保鲜技术,并详细说明了冷激、热激、辐射及臭氧处理对银杏种核的保鲜作用，同时对其它相关的主要新兴贮藏保鲜技术在银杏上的应用进行了分析和展望。 关键词：银杏；种核；贮藏保鲜;综述 Advances at Research and Application on the Techniques of the Fresh-keeping Storage for Ginkgo’s Seed Stone Wang Li Chen Peng Cheng Ying Ding Feng （Department of Horticulture， Agricultural College of Yangzhou University. Yangzhou 225009） Abstract: The production of ginkgo biloba, a type of dry fruits, has been developed into a great industry of seed production ,in which fresh-keeping of seed stone becomes more and more important for supplying the markets at all seasons with fresh and high quality products . it’s urgent to find a suitable way to store ginkgo’s seed stone, because the seed stones stored under room temperature for a longer time were susceptible to transmutate，such as decaying, hardening and floating etc, which seriously influenced the supply, vendition and processing of seed stones, and decreased the economic efficiency of Ginkgo’s seed industry. This paper， based on more than 60 pieces of relative thesis makes a general overview on the storage and fresh-keeping techniques, including the methods of chemistry, physics and biology. The influences of cold stock, heat stock, irradiation and o3 etc. on the keeping quality of ginkgo’s seed stone have been discussed, at the same time a perpective of new techniques applied in fresh-keeping for Ginkgo is attempted to make. Key words: Ginkgo biloba L.; seed stone; storage and fresh-keeping;overview 银杏（Ginkgo biloba L.）,其种实除去肉汁外种皮后的种核俗称白果。银杏种核除富含蛋白质、氨基酸、脂肪、糖、维生素C、核黄素等营养成分外，还含黄酮、内酯等有效成分［1］，通过动物试验研究表明，银杏种仁具有提高肌体耐缺氧、抗疲劳以及延迟衰老作用，一直被誉为高级滋补品，具极高的经济价值［2-3］。 我国银杏种核的年均产量约10000～12000t，占世界总产量的90%，目前银杏核用树的栽植规模及种核产量仍以10～