堤坝渗流分析.docVIP

堤坝渗流分析 　　摘要：堤坝渗流分析与防渗技术处理是堤坝除险加固的重要。渗透破坏在堤坝工程中非常普遍，要做好渗透破坏的除险加固工作，就要摸清险情，对症下药。首先要了解渗透破坏的类型并进行成因分析，然后根据渗流控制原则和具体的工程地质条件，选择经济合理的除险措施，最后按所选的防渗技术进行精心施工，达到根除渗透破坏的目的。 　　本文概述了堤坝渗流的危害、理论发展、主要计算方法、渗流分析的基础理论以及具体的防渗加固措施，并对不同的防渗处理方法的利弊作简要分析探讨，最后以莆田市近几年来水库土石坝防渗除险加固为实例，具体分析大坝渗流产生原因和采取防渗措施以及工程处理后的实际效果，总结土石坝防渗处理方法选择的一般性规律，供后期同类水库堤坝除险加固参考。 　　关键词：堤坝；渗流理论；防渗加固措施 　　Abstract: the dam seepage analysis and seepage control technology is an important dyke reinforcement. Seepage in dam construction is very common, to do a good job in seepage reinforcement work, will be out of danger, an antidote against the disease. We must first understand the type of seepage failure and cause analysis, and then according to the principles and specific engineering geological conditions of seepage control, selection of rational treatment, anti-seepage technique by the selected carefully construction, seepage failure to eradicate. 　　This paper summarizes the measures for strengthening the basic theory analysis of dam seepage hazards, theory development, the main calculation method, seepage and seepage of concrete, and the advantages and disadvantages of different anti-seepage processing method are briefly discussed, and finally to Putian city in recent years the reservoir dam anti-seepage reinforcement as an example, the analysis of dam seepage generated the reason and the actual effect of anti-seepage measure and engineering treatment, summed up the general law of seepage prevention treatment method of choice, for later similar reservoir dam reinforcement reference. 　　Keywords: dam; seepage theory of seepage prevention and reinforcement measures; 　　中图分类号： O357.3 文献标识码：A文章编号：2095-2104（2013） 　　引 言： 　　只要堤坝的临水侧和背水侧存在水头差，堤坝就会产生渗流，渗流分正常渗流和有害渗流，有害渗流产生渗透破坏，据统计，由渗透破坏造成的险情约占堤坝险情总数的60%以上，是堤坝工程中最普遍且难以治愈的心腹之患。关于堤坝的渗流问题，中国学者主要集中于渗透破坏模式和土颗粒组成之间的相互关系。在渗透稳定分析中，有限元渗流计算结果应结合渗流比降与土体抗渗特性之间的关系进行分析。对于堤坝的渗流控制，应遵循“前堵、中截、后排”的原则。在堤坝除险加固工程中，防渗处理方案的选择，具体取决于防渗技术的功能性、可实施性、经济性、环境和安全性。因此，为了保证堤坝运行安全，对堤坝渗流进行安全检测并进行认真细致的分析，然后选择经济合理的防渗