以生态文明的理念治理蝗虫灾害.pdfVIP

以生态文明的理念治理蝗虫灾害 范福来 （新疆乌鲁木齐老科学技术工作者协会，新疆乌鲁木齐 830002 ） 摘要：蝗灾是一种世界性自然灾害。新疆是我国重要的蝗灾发生地之一。农田、草原蝗虫灾害严重，对农作物和 草原造成危害。历史上及新中国成立之初，治蝗采取原始、粗放的人工捕打、沟埋、火烧的方法。上世纪50～80 年代开始采用化学农药治蝗，致使草场、农田受农药污染。七十年代后期起至今，研究草原生态系统中各种因素 之间相互关系，开始探索草原生物治蝗技术，逐渐研究、试验、推广牧鸡牧鸭治蝗、人工营巢招引粉红椋鸟治蝗 和微生物治蝗，取得了良好的经济效益、生态效益和社会效益。21 世纪初期至今，新疆草原、农田治蝗采取了生 态控制、生物治蝗、辅助化防综合治理的科学措施，不仅治理了蝗虫，保护草原、农田生态环境，而且促进了农 牧业生产持续发展。 关键词：植物保护学；蝗灾；生态；治理；天敌；毒饵 Control of Locust Disaster by the Concept of Ecological Civilization FAN Fulai (Urumqi Association of senior scientists and technicians, Urumqi Xinjiang, 830002, China) Abstract : Locust disasters is a kind of worldwide natural disasters. Xinjiang is one of Chinas important locust disaster areas. Locust disaster is serious in farmland and grassland, it damage the crops and grassland. When china was founded or even in the history, we control the locust disaster by manual labor like catching, burying or burning. Until the 50’s~80’s of the last century we star to control the locust disaster by using chemical pesticide, it polluted the grassland and farmland. From the late 70s to date,we have researched the relationship among various factors in the grassland ecological system,explored the technique of control locust disaster by grassland biomass.we explore,test,popularize controlling locust disaster by culturing chickens and ducks 、artificial nesting to attracting sturnus roseus and the microbe, we have achieved good benefits in economic 、ecology and society. Since the early 21 Century, the farmland and grassland’s locust disaster is controlling by ecological control 、living things and auxiliary prevention.It’s not only controlling the locu