毕业设计（论文）-渭化集团事故应急救援系统研究.doc

渭化集团事故应急救援系统研究 摘 要：化工生产过程中所涉及的危险化学物质具有容易发生泄漏中毒、火灾爆炸事故的特点。为防止事故扩大，减轻事故所造成的人员伤亡、财产损失和环境破坏，对渭化集团事故应急救援系统进行了研究。通过对应急救援系统理论知识和渭化集团生产工艺过程的了解，首先进行了危险辨识，辨识出主要的危险危害因素有液氨（氨气）、氢气、甲醇、二甲醚、液氨罐、甲醇罐、压缩机等；其次进行事故分析，分析出存在的事故类型有火灾、爆炸、泄漏、中毒窒息、灼烫、机械伤害等，通过事故类型与影响分析对危险源可能造成的事故后果进行评价，确定事故影响及危险程度，提出一定的建议和措施；最后，在危险源辨识和事故分析的基础上编制了渭化集团的综合应急救援预案，液氨泄漏中毒、火灾爆炸专项应急救援预案及演习方案。此应急救援预案可增强生产作业区的应急反应能力、应急处理能力，对降低事故危害程度、减少事故损失有指导意义，对渭化集团具有一定的参考价值。 关键词：化工生产；应急预案；危险源辨识；液氨 Research on the accident emergency rescue system of Wei Hua Group Abstract: Chemical production process involved in the dangerous chemical substances is easy to be occur leakage poisoning, fire and explosion accident characteristics. In order to prevent the spreading of the accident and to reduce casualties, property damage and environmental damage caused by accidents, maintain social stability, the emergency rescue system of Wei Hua Group should be study. Through the understanding of the theoretical knowledge of the emergency rescue system and the production process of Wei Hua Group, first carried out hazard identification, identify the major hazard factors have liquid ammonia (ammonia), hydrogen and methanol, dimethyl ether, liquid ammonia tank, methanol cans, compressor, etc. Secondly, accident analysis, analyze the existing accident type of fire, explosion, leakage, poisoning asphyxia, burning hot, mechanical damage, etc. By accident type and impact analysis evaluate the hazards may cause accident consequences, determine the effects of the accident and the degree of risk, put forward certain proposals and measures. Finally, on the basis of hazard identification and accident analysis, prepare a comprehensive accident emergency rescue plan, poisoning, fire and explosion accidents caused by ammonia leak special emergency rescue plan, exercise program. This emergency rescue plan enhance the production areas from emergency response capabilities, emergency response capacity, to reduce harmful levels of accidents and reduce accident loss of