毕业设计（论文）-现场总线技术.doc

摘要 现场总线(Fieldbus)是指开放式、国际标准化、数字化、相互交换操作的双向传送、连接智能仪表和控制系统的通信网络。它作为工厂数字通信网络的基础，沟通了生产过程现场及控制设备之间及其与更高控制管理层次之间的联系。它不仅是一个基层网络，而且还是一种开放式、新型全分布控制系统。这是一项以智能传感、控制、计算机、数字通讯等技术为主要内容的综合技术，是信息化带动工业化和工业化推动信息化的适用技术，是能应用于各种计算机控制领域的工业总线，因现场总线潜在着巨大的商机，世界范围内的各大公司投入相当大的人力、物力、财力来进行开发研究[1]。当今现场总线技术一直是国际上各大公司激烈竞争的领域，由于现场总线技术的不断创新，过程控制系统由第四代的 DCS发展至今的 FCS(Fieldbus Control System)系统，已被称为第五代过程控制系统[2]。而 FCS 和 DCS 的真正区别在于其现场总线技术。现总线技术以数字信号取代模拟信号，在 3C(Computer 计算机、Control 控、Commcenication 通信)技术的基础上，大量现场检测与控制信息就地采集、就地处理、就地使用，许多控制功能从控制室移至现场设备。由于国际上各大公司在现场总线技术这一领域的竞争，仍未形成一个统一的标准，目前现场总线网络互联都是遵守 OSI 参考模型[3]。由于现场总线以计算机、微电子、网络通讯技术为基础，这一技术正在从根本上改变控制系统的理念和方法，将极大地推动整个工业领域的技术进步，对工业自动化系统的影响将是积极和深远的。Fieldbus (Fieldbus) refers to open, international standardization, digital and mutual exchange operations two-way transmission, connecting intelligent instrument and control system of communication network. It as plant digital communication network, the basis of the production process communication between field and the control equipment with higher control management level and the contact between. It is not only a grass-roots network, but also a kind of open, new whole distribution control system. This is an intelligent sensing, control, computer, digital communication technology as the main contents of the comprehensive technology, is becoming an information based society impetus industrialization and the industrialization push the applicable technology, information can be applied to various computer control areas of industrial bus, because of fieldbus potential great opportunities, the worldwide each big companies invest considerable human, material and financial resources to develop research [1]. Todays Fieldbus technology has been international companies competitive field, because of Fieldbus technology unceasing innovation, process Control System consists of the fourth generation since the DCS development of Fieldbus Control System (FCS) System, has been called the fifth generation process Control Syst