CA project by Choy Nga Ting.ppt

CA project by Choy Nga Ting What is a computer system? A computer system has three basic components: hardware, software and data. Hardware + Software = A Working Computer System Hardware Hardware is the equipment associated with a computer system such as the monitor, keyboard, disk drive, speaker and other devices. Software Software is the computer program (sets of instruction) that drives the hardware.For a daily example, a washing machine is classified as hardware while the washing program is classified as software. Clearly, both the hardware and software are needed for a working computer system. Data Data are facts and numbers. Computers can process these data in order to produce useful information. We can also instruct computers to work on data in the way we desire. 2.1 What is central processing unit? It accepts and executes sequentially the instructions stored in the main memory contains the control unit (CU), the arithmetic and logic unit (ALU) and several registers. Control Unit (CU) Functions: Sending and receiving control signals to and from peripheral devices Interpreting the instructions stored in main memory Regulating the timing of all operations performed within the CPU Sequencing the instructions to be executed Controlling the flow of data between the CPU, main memory and peripheral devices Arithmetic and Logic Unit Functions: Addition Subtraction Multiplication Division Decision making which make use of registers Memory 4 main components of memory unit: Main memory includes random access memory (RAM) and read only memory (ROM). The RAM holds instructions and data temporary while the ROM holds system programs and data permanently. 2.2 Peripheral devices Input devices Output devices Storage devices 2.3 Communication Devices Modem- It is a communications device that converts between analog and digital signals .- It can be external or internal.- Most personal computer modems transmit data between 28.8 Kbps and 56 Kbps.- Many modem