蚤病（Pulicosis）.ppt

蚤病（Pulicosis） 组员：涂春婷 谭淑娴 郑玮璐 姚俊庸 黄亦霖 07动物医学4班 Introduction 犬猫蚤病是有蚤亩（ Siphonaptera ）、蚤科（Pulicidae ）、栉首蚤属（Ctenocephalides）的蚤寄生于体表所引起的犬猫疾病。寄生犬猫的蚤主要有犬栉首蚤及猫栉首蚤 Morphology 犬栉首蚤（Ctenoce phalides canis） 后足胫节后缘最后切刻一下，一般另有2个浅切刻，各有1或2根短状鬃；后胸背板侧区一般有3根鬃。雄性抱器柄突末端明显膨大；雌性触角窝后方一般无鬃，仅偶然有少数细鬃。寄生于犬 猫栉首蚤（C. felis） 后足胫节后缘下段只有一个浅切刻，其中有鬃1（2）根，或为一小毛代替；后胸背板侧区鬃2（1）根；雄性抱器柄末段不膨大或仅略为膨大；雌蚤触角窝背方无小鬃或小刺形鬃。 Life cycle of flea Both sexes of fleas are blood suckers,and only the adults are parasitic. The ovoid eggs have smooth surfaces, and may be laid on the ground or on the host from which they soon drop off. Hatching occurs in two days to two weeks, depending on the temperature of the surroundings. The larvae are maggot-like and have a coat of bristles. They have chewing mouthparts and feed on debris and on the faeces of the adult fleas, which contain blood and give the larvae a reddish colour. Under the influence of internal growth regulators, the larva moults twice, the final stage being about 5.0 mm long, and then spins a cocoon, a from of woolly pupariun, from which the adult emerges. Moulting and pupation are dependent on the ambient temperature,and though in warm conditions the whole cycle may be completed in about three weeks, in low temperatures it may extend to two years. Epidemiology 犬栉首蚤寄生于犬科动物，以及犬科以外少数食肉类动物。猫栉首蚤为广布种，具广宿主性，主要宿主有猫、犬、兔和人，亦见于多种野生食肉动物及鼠类。由于蚤活动性很强，对宿主的选择性比较广泛，因此便成为某些自然疫源性疾病和传染病的媒介及病原体的储存宿主，如腺鼠疫（glandular plague）、地方性斑疹伤寒（endemic typhus）、土拉菌病（野兔热 tularemia）等。它们也是某些绦虫的中间宿主，如犬复孔绦虫（Dipylidium caninum）、缩小膜壳绦虫（Hymenolepis diminuta）和微小膜壳绦虫（Diplacanthus nanus）等。 Effects on the hosts A kitten receiving a flea bath to treat a flea infestation.A few fleas on adult dogs or cats cause little harm unless the host becomes allergic to substances in saliva. The disease that results is called flea allergy dermatitis. Small animals with large infestations can lose enough bodily fluid to fleas feeding that dehydration may re