伦理学和伦理论证.pptVIP

伦理学和伦理论证Ethics and Ethical Reasoning 为什么要学习伦理学？Why study ethics? 什么是伦理学？What is ethics? 伦理学和宗教？Ethics and religion 伦理评价和其它评价？Ethical and other types of evaluation? 伦理学和理性？Ethics and reasons 伦理推理和论证？Ethical reasoning and arguments 伦理学基本理论？Ethical theory 道德是否可教？Can ethics be taught? 为什么要学习伦理学Why study ethics? 案例1：Case 1: James McElveen had fallen from a thirty-foot cliff while on an outing with friends in Tennessee. he was unconscious and bleeding heavily as his friends drove him forty –three miles to the nearest hospital. one of them, Benny Milligan , knew that James needed to go to the emergency room but had no insurance. However ,because he had read in the press about cases in which uninsured emergency room patients in his state were reportedly not given the best care , he was worried that his friend would not receive adequate treatment. In a panic, Mr. Milligan checked his friend into the hospital with his own medical insurance card. Mr. McElveen received not only excellent emergency aid, but also fist -class ongoing treatment. His total bill of more than $41,000 was sent to the federal government because Mr. Milligan’s medical insurance coverage was from a government space-shuttle project on which he had been working . In September 1992, the deception was discovered, and both Mr. Milligan’s and Mr. McElveen were convicted of fraud and conspiracy to defraud the government. They were ordered to repay the $41000 and were given prison terms. There was no question that they had lied . However, they argued that the health care system was unfair and that they had feared for Mr. McElveen’s life. Was their action justified? Case 2. 是否告知癌症病人其病情？ 是否允许晚期绝症病人安乐死？ Case 3. 一位眼科医生在手术过程中，发现角膜库里的角膜用完，遂到该医院太平间摘取角膜给患者换上，使其复明。 Case4. 新闻中的伦理问题？ 为什么要学习伦理学？Why study ethics? 学习伦理学有助于我们认识和应对： 1.什么是对和错？（伦理学基本理论）What’s simply right and wrong? (ethical theory) 2.如何处理道德难题？（社会道德难题）How to deal with moral issues? (social moral issue