4-3Grammar1.pptVIP

动词不定式的否定形式 动词不定式的否定式是在to前加not；不 带to的不定式则在动词前加not. 如： Zhang Ming asked me not to stay at home all day. 张明要我不要整天呆在家里。 My mother let me not do it by myself. 妈妈让我不要独自做这件事 * * * Sandstorms in Asia Grammar1 Module 4 定义 练习 构成 用法 动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，它没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能独立作谓语，但它仍保持动词的特点，既可以有自己的宾语和状语。 动词不定式 的构成：to+动词原形 Infinitive 动词不定式具有名词、形词 副词的特征。因此在句中可以 主语、表语、宾语、补足语语 状语。 动词不定式的用法 1.作主语 (1)把不定式置于句首 e.g.To say is one thing;to do is another. (2)用it作形式主语，把真正的主语不定式 置于句后 It’s important to do it right away. 动词不定式作主语时句子有以下两种: 常用句式有： ① It＋be＋名词＋to do It‘s our duty to take good care of the old. ??? ② It takes sb+some time+to do How long did it take you to finish the work? ? ③It＋be＋形容词＋for sb＋to do ?? It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition in a quarter of an hour. ④It seems＋形容词＋to do ??? It seemed impossible to save money 常用句式有： 2.作表语： e.g. What you should is to leave here at once. The problem is how to do it. e.g. I want to buy something for him . I don’t know what to do next. 3.作宾语： 后面能接不定式作宾语的动词有： agree, ask, choose, decide, forget, hope, learn, want, wish, would like等。如： 动词不定式作宾语的注意事项: 1．有些动词既可跟不定式作宾语，也可跟动名词作宾语，但含义不同： remember to do 记住要做某事；remember doing 记得曾经做过某事 forget to do忘记要做某事 forget doing 忘记曾经做过某事 stop to do 停下来去做某事 stop doing 停止做某事 go on to do 继续做另一件事 go on doing 继续做原来在做的事 I remember seeing you somewhere before. 我记得以前在哪儿见过你。 Please remember to turn off the light when you leave. 离开时请记得关好灯。 动词不定式作宾语的注意事项: 2．不定式作宾语时，如带有宾语补足语，则要把不定式放到后面，用it作形式宾语，构成“主语+动词+it+宾补（形容词、名词）+不定式”结构。如： He found it very difficult to get to sleep. 他发现很难入睡。 动词不定式作宾语的注意事项: 4 补足语： e.g.He asked me to wait for him for a while. My father lets me go out alone at night. (1) 宾语补足语： 注意： A.后面能接to不定式作宾语补足语的动词有： ask, order, teach, tell, want, wish, help等。 B.使役动词let, have, make及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel等要以不带to的不定式作宾补。 但变为被动语态后要补出来 I was seen to enter the bank. I saw him come downstairs. 我看见他