浅谈科技论文写作预案.ppt

浅谈科技论文写作 ——武晓宇 2015.10.13 * * KISS * * CONTENTS 时态、语态 01 02 03 04 数字 避免用词 IMRAD 目 录 * * 时态和语态 Whenver you state previously published findings ----present tense. Your own present work ----past tense. Abstract, Materials and Methods, results ----past tense. 时态 Materials Methods ----passive voice 主动语态更简练，尤其在图表描述时 Introduction, Discussion, Tables Figures ----present tense. 语态 * * 数字的用法 10 数字 ；10 单词 有单位的 用数字 3 ml 句子不用数字作为开头 Three milliliters of reagent was added I gave water to 3 scientists, milk to 6 scientists, and beer to 11 scientists. 2 500-mg tablets vs two 500-mg tablets 10g was added vs 10g were added * * 避免用词 informal language get ---- obtain, so ---- as a result, about + number ---- approximately long -- short a great deal of -- much, acounted for by the fact -- because 不用含糊的词语，委婉的词语。pass away, suffer mortal consequence ---- die * * IMRAD ----Introduction, materials Methods, Results and Discussion How to prepare the Title How to prepare the Abstract How to prepare the IMRAD * * How to prepare the Title Title Length of the Title Specific titles Action of Antibiotics on Bacteria Syntax ----The fewest possible words that adequately describe the contents of the paper Waste words, “studies on”, “Investigations on”, “Observations on”, “A”, “An”, “The”. Mechanism of Suppression of Nontransmissible Pneumonia in Mice Induced by Newcastle Disease Virus * * Pneumonia--肺炎；nontransmissible--非遗传 LOREM IPSUM DOLOR Past tense, no references, no tables and figures. 通俗易懂，不用缩略词，不创造新词 公认的句子、冗长深奥的词不要写；waste word不要写，例如“in this paper” 要有结论，结论要定量 How to prepare the Abstract A miniature version of the paper, should provide a brief summary of Introduction, materials and methods, results, discussion. * * LOREM IPSUM DOLOR Present first, with all possible clarity, the nature and scope of the problem investigated. Briefly review the pertinent literature to orient the reader. State the method of the investigation. If deemed necessary, the reasons for the choice of a par