会计英语第二章.ppt

2.3 Accounting Principles The Cost Principle 1.The Cost Principle acquisition cost 购置成本 acquired asset 既得资产 actual cost 实际成本 bargain n. 契约，交易 vt. 讨价还价 stereo shop 音像店 going out of business 停业 merchandise n.商品，货物 accounting value 账面价值 2.3.1 The Cost Principle— Valuing Assets The cost principle states that acquired assets and services should be recorded at their actual cost （also called historical cost） 2.3.1 The Cost Principle Even though the purchaser may believe the price paid is a bargain, the item is recorded at the price paid in the transaction and not at the “expected” cost. 2.3.1 The Cost Principle The cost principle also holds that accounting recorded should maintain the historical cost of an asset for as long as the business holds the asset. 2.3.2 The Realization Principle expense 费用 revenue 收入 sales value 销售价格 ultimate 最终的 attempt to 尝试去做 2.3.2 The Realization Principle ---Measuring Revenues The realization principle means that revenue are usually measured in which they occur, rather than in the period in which they are collected. 2.3.3 The Matching Principle ---Measuring Expenses Matching principle requires that revenues and expenses be matched. It is well recognized that a business incurs expenses in order to earn revenues. The revenues earned are the results of expenses paid. 2.3.3 The Matching Principle Consequently it is only proper that expenses be matched with the revenues they