镇江市区儿童哮喘危险因素分析和防治对策研究.pdf

华中科技大学同济医学院 硕士研究生论文 17．509)、母亲文化程度(0R=4．294，95％CI 1．309～14．079)等成为导致儿童哮喘的 主要危险因素；而母乳喂养持续时间(OR=0．705，95％C1 0．505～0．985)则成为儿童 哮喘的保护因素。 结论 儿童反复呼吸道感染、儿童湿疹史、室内装空调，父亲哮喘史、家庭经济状 况、居住地周围环境卫生状况、家族哮喘史、母亲文化程度是儿童哮喘的主要危险 因素，其中儿童反复呼吸道感染是儿童哮喘的首要危险因素：母乳喂养持续时间是儿 童哮喘的保护性因素。因此，我们要积极防治呼吸道感染，增强儿童的身体素质；大 力宣传、鼓励母乳喂养。同时应努力改善儿童的生存环境，因为环境因素已经成为当 今诱发儿童哮喘的隐形杀手。另外，小儿的特应性体质(如湿疹)、哮喘家族史与儿 奄哮喘的发生关系密切，因而提倡优生优育，提高我国人口质量和素质则显得愈来愈 重要。 关键词 儿童 哮喘 反复呼吸道感染危险因素母乳喂养环境卫生特应性 2 华中科技大学同济医学院 硕士研究生论文 Analysis and strategy of prevention and treatment on the risk factors of children asthma in the city zone of zhenjiang Candidate： zhen yongxin Tutor：Prof．Du yukai Abstract 0bjective：The aim of this study was to find out the important risk factors of children asthma in the city zone of zhenjiang，and to provide scientific basis of prevention and control to the doctor and the health administration．Thus to decrease the incidence of children asthma and improve the children’S survival quality． Methods：In a restrospective study，235 out—patients aged 0 to 14 years old were selected， who had ever been treated in the asthmatic department and the general pediatrics including the hospital pertain to jiangsu university，the first hospital，the second hospital and the fourth hospital in zhenjiang during March 1 2000 to February 28 2002．A 1：1 matched case—control study was carried out with 235 diagnosed patients，adopting the SalTle investigate questionnaire．The general characteristics of aU children were illuminated by descriptive statistical method．Applying conditional logistic regression to analyze the important risk factors of children asthma． Result：Among 235 cases of asthmatic children who were selected，the ratio of males to females was 1．97：1．46．8％of all asthmatic patients were born in September,October, November and December．72．8％of cases first suffered within 3 years old．Only 26．8％of them diagnosed within one year．49 cases(20．9％)were premature．The peak season of spasm was the exchanging season，32．3％of cases occurred at that tim