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Unit 1 Science is a kind of knowledge which is a very useful tool in solving the technical problems of industry, agriculture, warfare, and medicine. To understand the width and depth to which science can be applied to the material and spiritual problems that confront individuals and nations requires an understanding of what science really is. The word science comes to us from a Latin word, scire, which means “to know”. Then, in a broad sense, science is simply what we know, the total of all human knowledge. But the definition of science as all human knowledge would not be a workable one, for it is obvious that there are different types of knowledge. The kinds differ according to how the knowledge was obtained, and also according to what frame of experience it fits. What we know of the arts, literature, law, religion, and technical know-how, are more or less separate funds of knowledge. They have little to do with what we commonly call science. Science is also called natural science to distinguish it from other branches of learning. Science is concerned with nature, that is, with knowledge of the characteristics and operations of any and all natural things and happenings. Science embraces all of nature, and expresses our best ideas of how natural phenomena are related to each other and are to be formed into what is called the universe. Science has many characteristics, and to understand what science is requires a detailed examination of these properties and peculiarities. A number of writers have asserted that science is really only a method— the scientific method. Such a definition is an oversimplification, but it is certain that the science method plays an important role in determining the nature of scientific knowledge. Unit 3 Lots of people pretend that they never read advertisements, but this claim is hardly believable. It is almost impossible not to read advertisements these days. Just think what fun they often provide! Imagine what a bus and